Characterization of minerals containning manganese and othertransition elements

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1)Crystal chemistryManganese tetragonal garnet, Rb or Ba bearing manganese dioxide minerals,Fe or Ni bearing olivines, pumpellyite, vesuvianite, manganese oxide minerals and todorokite were crystallochemically discussed.2)Descriptive mineralogySonolite, alleghanyite, rhodonite, Mn-hedenbergite, Johannsenite, nambulite, ardennite,sursassite,tirodite, bementite, alabandite, and various manganese dioxide minerals were described.3)Synthetic mineralogyTephroite,rhodonite, pyrochlor, bementite, braunite, ferrian braunite,dannemorite, grandite, hydrograndite and rhodochrosite were synthesized and their synthsized conditions were described.4)Mode of occurrencesGeological age of bedded manganese ore deposits, the process of formation of primary manganese ores, mineral paragenesis in epithermal manganese ore veins and manganese micro nodules and iron-manganese ore in oceanic sediments were discussed.