Social Anthropological Study of Shrine Ritual -A Comparative Study on Miho Shrine and Itsukushima Shrine-

1. 本研究试图重建岛根半岛美荷神社仪式世界的秩序。为此，人们首先注意到，在这个神社举行的仪式与由民间定居点组成的Mihonoseki地区社区的社会组织密切相关。这种社会仪式秩序似乎形成了宗教宇宙论的基础，通过这种宇宙论，Miho神社和Mihonoseki民间定居点被合并为一个整体。这一研究强调了人们对海外世界的认识，以及潜藏在各种事物背后的女性原则，并将其视为美湖神社仪式世界的原则。更具体地说，研究了4月7日在美湖神社举行的“青松-真次”仪式，以阐明仪式世界与该社区的社会组织之间的关系。结果证实，toya（男性仪式实践者）和ondo（年轻的处女女性仪式实践者）在Aohushigaki-shinji中都扮演着重要的角色。先前的研究似乎认为，男性仪式实践者是基本的，就像这个地区的人一样。然而，通过对其过程的探究发现，美湖神社的仪式世界基本上是由神社所维护的。通过考察神宿神祭（5月5日迎接神灵的仪式）、武原神祭（8月5日驱除害虫的仪式）、morotabun神祭（12月3日的赛艇仪式），研究了美湖神社的仪式世界与另一个世界的本质之间的密切关系。这项研究的结论是，女性精神（即海外另一个世界的神）从另一个“黑暗”世界向这个世界发送了“重要”力量（生育和转世）。对严岛神社的仪式世界进行了对比调查，发现了类似的原则。

1. This study attempts to reconstruct the order underlying the ritual world of the Miho Shrine, in Shimane Peninsula. For this purpose attention was first directed to the fact that the rituals performed at this shrine are closely related to the social organization of the Mihonoseki regional community, composed of folk settlements. This socio-ritual order seems to form a basis of the religious cosmology by which the Miho Shrine and the Mihonoseki folk settlements are incorporated into a whole set. This study emphasizes the people's view that the other worlds exists beyond the sea, and the female principle which underlies various, and regards them as the principles of the ritual world of the Miho Shrine.2. More specifically, Aohushigaki-Shinji, the ritual performed at the Miho shrine on April 7, was examined to elucidate the relationship between the ritual world and the social organization of this community. It was verified, as a result, that both the toya (the male ritual practitioner) and the ondo (the young, virgin female ritual practitioner)play an important role in Aohushigaki-shinji. Prior research seems to have held that the male ritual practitioner is fundamental, as do the people of this region. However, through inquiry into its process revealed that the Miho Shrine ritual world is basically upheld by the ondo.3. The close relationship between the Miho Shrine ritual world and the nature of the other world was studied by examining Kamimukae-Shinji (the ritual of May 5 for welcoming deities), Mushibarai-Shinji (the ritual of August 5 for repelling noxious insects) and Morotabune-Shinji (the boatrace ritual of December 3). This study concludes that the Female Spirit (i.e., the deity of the other world beyond the sea ) sends "vital" power (fertility and reincarnation) to this world, from the other "dark" world. A comparative survey was conducted on the ritual world of the Itsukushima Shrine, and similar principles were revealed.