Social Anthropological Study of Shrine Ritual -A Comparative Study on Miho Shrine and Itsukushima Shrine-

1.本研究试图重建岛根半岛三和神社仪式世界的秩序。为此，首先提请注意的是，在这座神社举行的仪式与由民间聚居地组成的Mihonoseki区域社区的社会组织密切相关。这种社会仪式秩序似乎构成了宗教宇宙观的基础，通过这种宇宙观，三和神社和三月关民间聚居地被合并为一套完整的体系。这一研究强调了人们对大海之外存在的另一个世界的看法，以及作为各种基础的女性原则，并将它们视为三和诗社仪式世界的原则。更具体地说，研究了4月7日在三和神社举行的仪式--青垣神社，以阐明仪式世界与这个社区的社会组织之间的关系。结果证实，托亚(男性仪式实践者)和翁多(年轻的处女女性仪式实践者)在青户崎神司中都扮演着重要的角色。先前的研究似乎认为，男性仪式实践者是基本的，这个地区的人也是如此。然而，通过对其过程的考察发现，三和神社的礼仪世界基本上是由神社维护的。通过考察神社神社(5月5日的迎神仪式)、武士原神社(8月5日的驱赶有害昆虫仪式)和森罗本神社(12月3日的赛船仪式)，研究了三和神社仪式世界与另一个世界的性质之间的密切关系。这项研究的结论是，女神(即大海以外的另一个世界的神)向这个世界发送了“至关重要的”力量(生育和转世)，从另一个“黑暗”世界。对石岛神社的仪式世界进行了比较调查，揭示了类似的原则。

1. This study attempts to reconstruct the order underlying the ritual world of the Miho Shrine, in Shimane Peninsula. For this purpose attention was first directed to the fact that the rituals performed at this shrine are closely related to the social organization of the Mihonoseki regional community, composed of folk settlements. This socio-ritual order seems to form a basis of the religious cosmology by which the Miho Shrine and the Mihonoseki folk settlements are incorporated into a whole set. This study emphasizes the people's view that the other worlds exists beyond the sea, and the female principle which underlies various, and regards them as the principles of the ritual world of the Miho Shrine.2. More specifically, Aohushigaki-Shinji, the ritual performed at the Miho shrine on April 7, was examined to elucidate the relationship between the ritual world and the social organization of this community. It was verified, as a result, that both the toya (the male ritual practitioner) and the ondo (the young, virgin female ritual practitioner)play an important role in Aohushigaki-shinji. Prior research seems to have held that the male ritual practitioner is fundamental, as do the people of this region. However, through inquiry into its process revealed that the Miho Shrine ritual world is basically upheld by the ondo.3. The close relationship between the Miho Shrine ritual world and the nature of the other world was studied by examining Kamimukae-Shinji (the ritual of May 5 for welcoming deities), Mushibarai-Shinji (the ritual of August 5 for repelling noxious insects) and Morotabune-Shinji (the boatrace ritual of December 3). This study concludes that the Female Spirit (i.e., the deity of the other world beyond the sea ) sends "vital" power (fertility and reincarnation) to this world, from the other "dark" world. A comparative survey was conducted on the ritual world of the Itsukushima Shrine, and similar principles were revealed.