Studies on the mechanism for multiple differentiation of goldfish erythrophoroma cells in vitro

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Goldfish erythrophorma cells in vitro manifest multiple differentiation upon chemical induction with use of dimethyl sulfoxide and autologous serum. The spectrum of multiple differentiation includes [1] melanogenesis, [2] formation of reflecting platelets, [3] synthesis of pteridines heterogeous to this species, [4] formation of dermal skeletons such as teeth and fin rays, [5] production of neuronal characters and [6] genesis of lentoid bodies. Melanogenic cells, highest in inducibility, also show remarkable diversification with regard to their cell morphology, pigmentation and physiological response. These multiple differentiation alway occurs on a clonal basis, making whole component cells of a given induced colony strikingly similar with regard to their cell characters. Melanogenic clones induced manifest a remarkable polymorphism concerning their melanosome ultra-structure and receptor composition associated with motile response. Inasmuch as the spectrum of phenotypes expressed by induced erythrophoroma cells is restricted to those of neural crest origin except lentoid bodies, and inasmuch as a polymorphism in induced melanogenic cells is composed of a variety of known melanogenic characters, it is presumed that erythrophoroma cells are capable of multiple differentiation within the commitment as neural crest cells.