Map drawing in Japan on thermal degradation load for polymeric building materials and its application

1.从1986年4月开始，对札幌、横滨和那霸的黑白板材、防水卷材和密封珠的温度进行了为期一年的测量，以了解它们的行为和直方图，这些行为和直方图是热降解的基础。黑色面板的温度与薄膜的温度相关，认为面板温度可用于估计建筑构件的温度。根据横滨的数据，得到了由平均气温、太阳总辐射和平均风速组成的黑色防水板和黑色防水卷材的日等效温度计算公式。计算值与札幌和那霸的日当量温度实测值基本一致。根据我国气象局提供的66个气象站的气象数据绘制了热退化负荷图。给出了估算材料劣化的步骤，即通过热老化试验确定材料在几种温度下的常量，从地图上读取热降解载荷的值，然后通过少量计算得到材料的劣化程度。选取一种用于防水卷材的商品橡胶板材作为应用实例，在假设其在名古屋屋面使用10年的情况下，以其断裂伸长率的变化作为劣化指标进行了预测。通过计算在全国范围内绘制了这张纸的退化图。结果表明，冲绳是热退化的重区，北海道是热退化的轻度区。

1. Temperatures of black and white panels, water proofing membranes, and sealing beads were measured at Sapporo, Yokohama and Naha for one year from April 1986 to know behavior and histograms of them which are basis of thermal degradation.2. Temperature of a black panel is correlated to those of membranes, and it is considered that panel temperature is avairable for estimation of temperatures of building components.3. Equations to calculate daily equivalent temperatures for the black panel and the black water proofing membrane,composed of mean air temperature, global solar radiation and mean wind speed, were obtained by the data at Yokohama. The calculated values approximately agree with the measured daily equivalent temperature at Sapporo and Naha.4. Maps on thermal degradation loads were drawn based on the weather data at 66 weather stations offered by the Meterogical Agency in our country.5. The procedure to estimate degradation of materials is showed, that is, material constants are determined by heat aging test at several temperatures, value of thermal degradation load is read from the map, and then, degradation of the material is obtained by a small calculation.6. A commercial rubber sheet for a water proofing membrane was selected for a example of application, and the change of elongation at break of it, which was adopted as the index of degradation, was predicted on the assumption that it was used for roof at Nagoya for 10 years.7. A degradation map of this sheet was drawn by calculation throughout the country. It shows that severe area for thermal degradation is Okinawa and mild one is Hokkaido.