Study on the roles of plant growth substances in parthenocarpy of fruit vegetables

植物生长物质在果菜单性结实中的作用研究

• 批准号: 61560023
• 负责人: WADA Kiyotoshi
• 金额: $ 1.34万
• 依托单位: TOHOKU UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1986
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1986 至 1987
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-61560023/
• 关键词: Cucumber; Fruit Growth; Parthenocarpy; Benzylaminopurine; Naphthaleneacetic acid; Indoleacetic Acid; Enzyme Immuno Assay; 細胞分裂

Aimed to clarify the roles of plant growth substances in parthenocarpy of cucumber, var. Chojitsu-ochiai-nigo and Mogami were polinated or not and treated with benzylaminopurine (BA) or naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) on the day of anthesis, and the mode of fruit growth was analyzed physiologically, histologically and chemically. When the fruit length and fresh weight were analyzed on the basis of their averages, Mogami fruits never induced to grow without polination but its growth was promoted even without polination if treated with BA or NAA. Growth of not-polinated Chojitsu-ochiai-nigo fruits was almost the same as that of polinated ones, but neither BA nor NAA influenced their growth regardless polinated or not. When the growth was analyzed based on frequency distribution of the fruit length, two separated peaks were found in that for Chojitsu-ochiai-nigo. Almost all the polinated fruits belonged to the peak in 10 cm or longer, and half of not-polinated fruits belonged to the peak in 10 cm or longer and other half to the peak in 4-6 cm which was the same as the length of ovary on the day of anthesis. BA and NAA did not influence the positions of the peaks in polinated fruits but the 4-6 cm peak was shifted to 6-10 cm region in not-polinated fruits. These facts suggest that parthenocarpy is all-or-none typed trigger reaction, BA and NAA do not act as the trigger but enhance the growth of not-triggered fruits. Cell number and cell size were measured with the sections cut from paraffined fruits finding that the fruit growth induced by polination and by the treatment with BA was mainly through cell division. The ELISA detected indoleacetic acid (IAA) in Chojitsu-ochiai-nigo at the amount 60 times higher than in Mogami and found the IAA content in the fruits of which growth was induced by parthenocarpy was three orders higher than those not-induced ones suggesting that endogenous auxin may have some roles in regulation of the parthenocarpy.

目的阐明植物生长物质在黄瓜单性结实中的作用。在开花当天，用BA或NAA处理长春和莫格米，对其果实生长方式进行生理、组织和化学分析。从果实长度和鲜重的平均值来分析，莫加米果实在未经授粉的情况下不能诱导生长，但BA或NAA处理可促进果实的生长。未授粉的Chojitsu-Ochiai-Nigo果实的生长与授粉的几乎相同，但无论授粉与否，BA和NAA都不影响其生长。根据果实长度的频率分布分析其生长，发现Chojitsu-Ochiai-Nigo的生长有两个分离的峰。开花当天，几乎所有的结实果实都属于10 cm或更长的高峰，而未结实的果实有一半在10 cm或更长的高峰，另一半在4~6 cm的高峰，与子房长度相同。BA和NAA不影响抛光果实的峰位置，但使未抛光果实的4-6 cm峰向6-10 cm方向移动。这些事实表明，单性结实是一种或全无类型的触发反应，BA和NAA不是触发反应，而是促进非触发果实的生长。对石蜡果实切片进行了细胞数量和细胞大小的测定，发现去极化和BA处理诱导的果实生长主要是通过细胞分裂来实现的。用酶联免疫吸附试验检测到的吲哚乙酸(IAA)含量是莫高木的60倍，单性结实诱导果实中的IAA含量比未诱导生长的果实高出三个数量级，说明内源生长素可能在单性结实过程中起着一定的调节作用。

项目成果

Takeno, Kiyotoshi: "Growth kinetics in fruits of which fruit set was induced by parthenocarpy and by treatemnt with benzylaminopurine in cucumber." Plant Growth Regulation.

Takeno，Kiyotoshi：“单性结实和用黄瓜中的苄氨基嘌呤处理诱导坐果的果实的生长动力学。”