Taxonomical and Ecological Studies on the Causative Dinoflagellates of Diarretic Shellfish Poisoning.

腹泻性贝类中毒是指以甲藻（Dinophysis spp.）DSP对日本和欧洲国家的渔业产生了广泛的影响。由于没有人成功地培养了甲藻，甲藻的生理生态学特性及产毒机制尚不清楚。本研究的目的是明确甲藻的营养类型，建立甲藻的培养方法。细胞D.将fortii接种到含有各种有机化合物的富集海水培养基中。在无菌条件下没有观察到生长，但一些细胞在被细菌污染的培养基中存活。在用含微鞭毛虫的浮游生物网过滤的海水中也观察到生长。因此，D. fortii被拒绝，但建议吞噬。然后，通过培养D.fortii、D. acuminata和D.以各种微藻为食物的有尾动物。由于这些甲藻藻种的藻胆素具有橙子荧光，因此认为它们的细胞中含有蓝藻或隐藻。在3种甲藻细胞中发现一种隐藻，即斜带藻（Plagioselmis sp.）D.生长fortii和D.在与斜带蕨属（Plagioselmis sp.）但大细胞数没有增加。为了建立甲藻属的培养物，需要研究影响物种生长的其他因素。

Diarrehtic shellfish poisoning (DSP) is intoxification of shellfish which feed on dinoflagellates, Dinophysis spp.. DSP causes extensive impacts on fisheries industries in Japan as well as in European countries. As nobody have ever suceeded in culturing Dinophysis spp., physiological and ecological character of Dinophysis and the mechanism of the toxin production by the species are still unclear. Purposes of the present study are to make clear the nutitional style of Dinophysis and to establish culture method for them.At a first step, osmotrophic growth was tested. Cells of D. fortii were inoculated to enriched seawater media containing various organic compaunds. No growth were observed in axenic condition but some cells were survived in media contaminated with bacteria. Growth was also observed in seawater filterd by plankton net containing microflagellates. Thus, osmotrophy of D. fortii was denied but Phagotrophy was sugested. Then, Phagotrophic growth was tested by culturing D.fortii, D. acuminata and D. caudata with various species of micro algae as foods. As these Dinophysis species have orange fluorescence of phycobilin, cyanobacter or cryptomonad were thought to be contained in the cells of them. A cryptomonad, Plagioselmis sp. was observed to taken into the cells of 3 Dinophysis spp.. Growth of D. fortii and D. caudata were observed in culturing with Plagioselmis sp., but did not increase in large cell number. In order to establish cultures of Dinophysis spp., It is needed to study other factors which affect the growth of the species.