STUDY ON FREQUENCY OF THE FRAGILE X SYNDROME IN PATIENTS WITH EARLY INFANTILE AUTISM.

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A TOTAL OF 113 CHILDREN, 101 BOYS AND 12 GIRLS, WITH EARLY INFANTILE AUTISM WERE SCREENED FOR THE FRAGILE X CHROMOSOME. THEY RANGED IN AGE FROM 2 TO 14 YEARS WITH AN AVERAGE OF 5 5/12 YEARS, AND WERE DIAGNOSED AS AUTISTIC USING THE DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA OF EARLY INFANTILE AUTISM BY THE 1980 DIAGNOSTIC AND STASTICAL MANUAL OF MENTAL DISORDER ( DSM-III). THE RATE OF FRA(X) PATIENTS IN OUR AUTISTIC BOYS WAS 3 IN 101 PATIENTS(3.0%) AND THAT IN AUTISTIC GIRLS WAS 0 IN 12 PATIENTS. THIS IS RATHER LOW COMPARED TO THE 65 IN 853 RATE(7.6%) FOR AUTISTIC MALES POOLED FROM THE LITERATURE.NO FRA(X) INDIVIDUALS WAS ENCOUNTERED IN THE 12 GIRLS WE STUDIED, NEITHER IN THE 70 FEMALES IN THE LITERATURE. THIS WOULD REFLECT THE FACT THAT MOST FRA(X) POSITIVE WOMEN, IF AFFECTED, HAVE ONLY MILD PROBLEMS INCLUDING LEARNING DISABILITIES OR MILD MENTAL RETARDATION WITHOUT SEVERE BEHAVIORAL PROBLEMS.