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A Sociological Study on the 'Affluent Society'

“富裕社会”的社会学研究

基本信息

批准号：
62510101
负责人：
KURAHASHI Shigefumi
金额：
$ 0.77万
依托单位：
BUKKYO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1987
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1987 至 1988
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The aim of this study is to clarify what it means to possess and to use the many goods and things that have become necessary in daily life in industrialized societies. The present study, then, centers on the following basic questions. (1) What is the significance of goods for the people of advanced industrialized societies. And what are the characteristics of such societies that we say to be "affluent", because of the abundance of things and goods? (2) What kind of relationships arise between goods and people? There is a double relationship. We observe that things can be humanized (humanization of things). As can be seen in the case of robots, but, on the other hand, human beings may be treated as things or possibly like slaves (thing-treatment of human beings). (3) How does the structure of a society change in connection with the overflow of goods? Because of different economic development and industrial growth. A considerable divergence arises between so called affluent and poor nations in terms of cultural lag and social stratification. (4) What kind of sociological approaches are necessitated by this specific subject matter? A distinction has to be made between various levels of research. (a) There is the micro-level to which action theory applies. (b) Relations concerning production, distribution and consumption of goods can be described at a middle level, for which the theory of organization and communities can be invoked. (c) The macro-level concerns the relations at the national and international level, for which we need a theory of the nation and of international relations. (5) A still different line of inquiry concerns the sociological problems of technology and values. Technology is the basic factor behind production and distribution of goods while values play an indispensable role in the signification and evaluation of things.

这项研究的目的是阐明拥有和使用在工业化社会的日常生活中变得必要的许多商品和物品意味着什么。因此，本研究围绕以下几个基本问题展开。(1)商品对先进工业化社会的人民的意义是什么？我们所说的“富裕”的社会的特征是什么，因为东西和商品的丰富？(2)商品和人之间产生了什么样的关系？这是一种双重关系。我们观察到事物可以人性化(事物的人性化)。在机器人的情况下可以看到，但另一方面，人类可能被视为事物，或可能被视为奴隶(对人类的事物处理)。(3)一个社会的结构如何随着商品的泛滥而改变？由于经济发展和工业增长的不同。在文化滞后和社会分层方面，所谓的富裕国家和贫穷国家之间出现了相当大的差异。(4)这个特定的主题需要什么样的社会学方法？必须区分不同层次的研究。(A)行动理论适用的微观层面。(B)关于商品的生产、分配和消费的关系可以在中层描述，为此可以援引组织和社区理论。(C)宏观层面涉及国家和国际两级的关系，为此，我们需要一个关于国家和国际关系的理论。(5)另一条不同的研究路线涉及技术和价值的社会学问题。技术是商品生产和分配的基本要素，而价值在事物的意义和评价中起着不可或缺的作用。