Mechanisms of intra- and interspecific competition among wasps parasitic on bean weevil larvae.

寄生在豆象甲幼虫上的黄蜂种内和种间竞争机制。

• 批准号: 62540491
• 负责人: FUJII Koichi
• 金额: $ 1.15万
• 依托单位: The University of Tsukuba
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1987
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1987 至 1988
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-62540491/
• 关键词: Parasitic wasp; Intraspecific competition; Interspecific competition; Contest type competition; Interference competition; 干渉型競争; 消費型競争

The mechamisms of intra- and interspecific competition between larvae of parasitic wasps were analyzed experimentally. We used three species, Anisopteromalus calandrae, Dinarmus basalis, and Heterospilus prosopidis, all of which are larval perasitoids on Callosobruchus chinensis.We first confirmet that these three wasp species actually showed superand multiparasitisms. We observed the intra- and interspecific larval competitions using the observation plate specifically designed for this research. We obtained the following results.1. Simultaneous introductions of conspecific eggs produced invariably one wasp offspring from one host.2. Time-lag introductions of two conspecific eggs also produced only one wasp offspring. Which individual emerged depended on the time-lag. With 72 or 96 hrs time-lag, the first comer always won. However,with 48 hrs time-lag, the late comer always won.3. Simultaneous introductions of heterospecific eggs showed that there was no inherent superiority in any species for interspecific larval competition.4. Time-lag introductions of heterospecific eggs showed that the first comer always won the competition. The longer the time-lag, the stronger the first comer was.

对寄生蜂幼虫种内和种间竞争机制进行了实验分析。我们使用了三个种：异翅目幼虫Calandrae、Dinarmus basalis和Heterspilus prosopidis，它们都是中国小蜂的幼虫寄生蜂。我们首次证实这三种黄蜂确实表现出超寄生和多寄生。我们使用专门为这项研究设计的观察板观察了种内和种间的幼虫竞争。我们得到了以下结果：1.同种卵的同时引入总是从一个寄主产生一个黄蜂后代。两个同种卵的时间滞后引入也只产生一个黄蜂后代。哪个个体的出现取决于时间的滞后。在72或96小时的时间延迟下，第一个来的人总是获胜。然而，由于有48小时的时间滞后，迟到的人总是获胜。异种卵的同时引入表明，任何物种都不存在种间幼虫竞争的内在优势。异种蛋的时滞引进表明，第一个来者总是赢得竞争。滞后时间越长，第一个来的人就越强。

项目成果

Fujii,K.: Res.Popul.Ecol.

Fujii,K.：Res.Popul.Ecol。

fujii, K.: J. Appl. Entom. Zool.

藤井，K.：J.应用。