Mathematical Study on the Structure of Biological Systems and Its Organizational Specificity

生物系统结构及其组织特异性的数学研究

基本信息

批准号：
62540496
负责人：
SHIGESADA Nanako
金额：
$ 1.09万
依托单位：
Kyoto University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1987
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1987 至 1988
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-62540496/
关键词：
Food chain Indirect effect Population dynamics Predation effect Competition community Cellular slime mold Pattern formation 連銭パターン食物連鎖網協同進化捕食 Food web

项目摘要

In this research we investigated the effects of interactions among constituent elements on the structure formation of a biological system, ranging from cell populations to biological community to ecosystem. By means of mathematical analysis of dynamical system models, the following specific features have been discovered.1. At the ecosystem level, we developed a theoretical means for "unfolding" a food web along trophic levels, i.e., steps of energy and matter processing by constituent biological species. This unfolding tranfomation of food webs reveals the essential strucuture of tophic process. Further, we elucidated the dynamic process by which a change at a local point within a food web directly and indirectly influences other parts of the system and even could modify the entire structure.2. At the biological community level, we investigated the effects of species interactions such as competion and predation on the number and diversity of coexisting species in a community , with foc … More us on characteristic properties of consituent species, to derive a law that determines species composition structure of a community in terms of constituent species characteristics. Also, a theoretical explanation was given for the mechanism and properties of the indirect, positive or negative, effects between predators with no direct interactions.3. We studied the formation of cell differentiation pattern and its regulation mechanism for the cellular slime molds at migrating stage, to show that a typical pattern of slug is explained by assuming different density-dependent dynamics of two types of cells. Further, the addition of a rule for cell type transition which depends on local cell type ratio allows us to explain the regulation of the ratio between the two types of cells for the whole slug. This also guarantees the maintenance of the slug pattern itself. We also analyzed the rouleaux pattern formation of red blood cells, and obtained the results which support the osmotic stress hypothesis for cell aggregation mechanism. Less

在这项研究中，我们调查了构造元素之间相互作用对生物系统结构形成的影响，从细胞种群到生物群落再到生态系统。通过对动态系统模型的数学分析，已经发现了以下特定特征。1。在生态系统层面，我们开发了一种理论手段，用于“展现”沿营养层面的食物网，即通过生物物种构成生物学物种的能量和物质处理的步骤。食物网的展开转移揭示了主题过程的基本结构。此外，我们阐明了动态过程，通过该过程，食物网中的局部点的变化直接和间接影响了系统的其他部分，甚至可以修改整个结构。2。在生物群落层面，我们研究了物种相互作用的影响，例如竞争和制备对一个社区共存物种的数量和多样性，食物……我们对一致物种的特征性特性更大，以得出一项在宪法物种方面确定社区物种组成结构的法律。同样，对没有直接相互作用的捕食者之间的间接或负面影响的机制和特性给出了理论上的解释。3。我们研究了细胞分化模式的形成及其在迁移阶段的细胞粘液模具的调节机制，以表明SLUG的典型模式是通过假设两种细胞的不同密度依赖性动力学来解释的。此外，添加一条依赖于局部细胞类型比率的细胞类型过渡规则使我们可以解释整个slug的两种类型的细胞之间的比率。这也可以保证维护sl板图案本身。我们还分析了红细胞的Rouleaux模式形成，并获得了支持细胞聚集机制的渗透应激假说的结果。较少的