Study on the Recharge Mechanism and Development of Groundwater in the Inland area of Tanzania

坦桑尼亚内陆地区地下水补给机制及开发研究

• 批准号: 01041013
• 负责人: SHINDO Shizuo
• 金额: $ 13.76万
• 依托单位: Chiba University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
• 财政年份: 1989
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1989 至 1991
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-01041013/
• 关键词: Tanzania; groundwater recharge; stable isotope; radio isotope; semi-arid area; infiltration capacity; groundwater management; 安定同位体; 地下水の涵養; 部分浸透; 流出特性; 同位体分析

In the Makutapora Basin in central Tanzania, mean annual rainfall is about 600 mm while potential evaporation is 2470 mm. Thus groundwater recharge is highly dependent on the amount and pattern of rainfall. To understand the mechanism of groundwater recharge in the basin and surrounding area, a small watershed was selected and intensive hydrological observations were carried out. The relationship between actual evaporation and soil water content was derived from weighing lysimeter and the runoff ratio of representative sites were calculated from the measurement of infiltration capacity. Those results are combined to simulate water balance in the unsaturated zone and recharge is calculated to be 15 % of rainfall.Groundwater in the Makutapora Basin is divided into shallow groundwater and deep confined groundwater. The latter is then classified into type-1 and type-2 according to chloride ion concentration. The residence time of deep confined groundwater is generally more than 25 years, probably a few tens years, whereas the residence time of shallow groundwater is shorter than 20 years. P_<CO2>, tritium concentration and stable isotope composition also show that type-1 is the component from Chenene Hill area and type-2 is the component from the upper plane near the basin floor.

坦桑尼亚中部的马库塔波拉盆地年平均降雨量约为 600 毫米，潜在蒸发量为 2470 毫米。因此，地下水补给高度依赖于降雨量和降雨模式。为了了解流域及周边地区地下水的补给机制，选择了一个小流域，开展了密集的水文观测。通过称重蒸渗仪得出实际蒸发量与土壤含水量的关系，并通过入渗能力的测量计算出代表性站点的径流比。综合这些结果来模拟非饱和带的水平衡，计算补给量为降雨量的15%。Makutapora 盆地的地下水分为浅层地下水和深层承压地下水。后者根据氯离子浓度分为1型和2型。深层承压地下水的滞留时间一般在25年以上，可能几十年，而浅层地下水的滞留时间短于20年。 P_<CO2>、氚浓度和稳定同位素组成也表明，1型是来自Chenene Hill地区的组分，2型是来自盆底附近上平面的组分。

项目成果

SHIZUO SHINDO(ed.): SEIBUN-SHA. Study on the Recharge Mechanism and Development of Groundwater in the Inland area of Tanzania (Progress Report of Japan-Tanzania Joint Research (3)), 80 (1991)

进藤静夫（主编）：SEIBUN-SHA。

新藤 静夫(編): "Study on the recharge mechanism and development of groundwater in the inland area of Tanzania(Progress report of JapanーTanzania joint research(2))" 正文社 (平成元年度調査諸費にて印刷), 125 (1990)

Shizuo Shindo（编）：《坦桑尼亚内陆地区地下水补给机制和开发研究（日本-坦桑尼亚共同研究进展报告（2））》《书文社》（1989年研究费印），125 (1990)

SHIZUO SHINDO(ed.): SEIBUN-SHA. Study on the Recharge Mechanism and Development of Groundwater in the Inland area of Tanzania (Progress Report of Japan-Tanzania Joint Research (4)), 95

进藤静夫（主编）：SEIBUN-SHA。

新藤 静夫(編): "Study on the recharge mechanism and development of groundwater in the inland area of Tanzania (Progress report of JapanーTanzania joint research (4))" 正文社, 95 (1992)

Shizuo Shindo（编）：“坦桑尼亚内陆地区地下水补给机制和开发研究（日本-坦桑尼亚共同研究进展报告（4））”《书文社》，95（1992）

新藤 静夫(編): "Study on the recharge mechanism and development of groundwater in the inland area of Tanzania (Progress report of JapanーTanzania joint research (3))" 正文社, 80 (1991)

Shizuo Shindo（编）：“坦桑尼亚内陆地区地下水补给机制和开发研究（日本-坦桑尼亚共同研究进展报告（3））”《书文社》，80（1991）