Development of Efficient Conversion Processes for Victorian Brown Coal

目前的联合研究旨在开发维多利亚褐煤的高效转化过程，该研究始于1988年，当年，五名研究人员被派往澳大利亚机构进行实验工作。1989年和1990年，日本有关大学进一步发展了所取得的成果。此外，两名研究人员被本方案派往澳大利亚。为了进行协商，1989年邀请了6名澳大利亚科学家访问日本，1990年邀请了4名日本成员访问澳大利亚。在每一次会议上，都讨论了该计划，并就煤炭研究交换了意见。获得了以下有价值的结果。(1)对液化油改质反应进行了研究，结果表明高比表面积陶瓷适合作为CoMo催化剂的载体。(2)利用模型物质对煤液化过程进行了分析，结果表明，长链烷烃和烯烃的来源是芳香酯。(3)催化剂在闪速热解过程中不仅促进了煤表面含氧官能团的分解，而且促进了气相中的二次反应。(4)研究了褐煤在加热过程中表面状态的变化及其在半焦催化气化反应中的作用。(5)开发了一种以褐煤为原料制备高性能脱硫脱氮活性炭的新工艺。(6)质子磁共振热分析用于观察煤在加热过程中结构的变化，并检测到新的移动的相。并阐明了褐煤与添加物的反应过程。(7)采用高效液相色谱法对褐煤在碱性介质中氧气氧化的产物进行了有效的分离，对新的转化工艺进行了前景展望，对双方的相互了解起到了很大的促进作用。

The present joint research which aims at the development of highly efficient conversion processes for Victorian Brown coal has started in 1988 and, in that year, five researchers were sent to Australian institutions to do experimental works. The results obtained were further developed at the related Universities in Japan in 1989 and 1990. In addition, two researchers were sent to Australia by the present program. For consultation, six Australian scientists were invited to Japan in 1989 and four Japanese members visited Australia in 1990. In each time, the program was discussed and views on coal research were exchanged. Valuable results were obtained as follows.(1) The upgrading of liquefied oils was studied and high surface area ceramics were shown to be appropriate for the support of CoMo catalyst.(2) An analysis of liquefaction of coals using model substances indicated that origin of long-chain alkanes and alkenes was aromatic esters.(3) Catalysts in flash pyrolysis were found to promote the decomposition of oxygen-containing functional groups on coal surfaces as well as secondary reactions in gas phase.(4) Changes in surface state of brown coal during heating were investigated and the role of these on the catalytic gasification of char was elucidated.(5) A new process for producing a high performance active carbons from brown coal for removing SOx and NOx was developed.(6) Proton Magnetic Resonance Thermal Analysis was used to see the changes in coal structure during heating and new mobile phases were detected. Also the reaction processes between brown coal and added materials were clarified.(7) Products from oxidation of brown coal in alkaline medium with oxygen was separated effectively using high performance liquid chromatography.The program gave prospect of new conversion processes and greatly contributed to the mutual understanding between the two parties.