Development of Efficient Conversion Processes for Victorian Brown Coal

目前的联合研究旨在开发维多利亚褐煤的高效转化工艺，始于1988年，在那一年，五名研究人员被派往澳大利亚机构进行实验工作。1989年和1990年，这些成果在日本相关大学得到了进一步的发展。此外，本项目还向澳大利亚派遣了两名研究人员。1989年，6名澳大利亚科学家应邀到日本进行咨询，1990年，4名日本成员访问了澳大利亚。在每一次会议上，都讨论了项目，并就煤炭研究交换了意见。(1)对液化油的改质进行了研究，发现高比表面积陶瓷适合作为CoMo催化剂的载体。(2)利用模型物质对煤液化的分析表明，长链烷烃和烯烃的来源是芳香酯。(3)闪速热解催化剂促进了煤表面含氧官能团的分解和气相中的二次反应。(4)考察了褐煤在加热过程中表面状态的变化，阐明了这些变化对半焦催化气化的作用。5)开发了以褐煤为原料制备高性能脱硫剂和脱氮剂的新工艺。(6)利用质子磁共振热分析技术研究了煤在加热过程中结构的变化，发现了新的流动相。并阐明了褐煤与添加剂的反应过程。(7)利用高效液相色谱仪对褐煤在碱性介质中氧气氧化的产物进行了有效分离，展望了新的转化工艺，为双方的相互了解做出了很大贡献。

The present joint research which aims at the development of highly efficient conversion processes for Victorian Brown coal has started in 1988 and, in that year, five researchers were sent to Australian institutions to do experimental works. The results obtained were further developed at the related Universities in Japan in 1989 and 1990. In addition, two researchers were sent to Australia by the present program. For consultation, six Australian scientists were invited to Japan in 1989 and four Japanese members visited Australia in 1990. In each time, the program was discussed and views on coal research were exchanged. Valuable results were obtained as follows.(1) The upgrading of liquefied oils was studied and high surface area ceramics were shown to be appropriate for the support of CoMo catalyst.(2) An analysis of liquefaction of coals using model substances indicated that origin of long-chain alkanes and alkenes was aromatic esters.(3) Catalysts in flash pyrolysis were found to promote the decomposition of oxygen-containing functional groups on coal surfaces as well as secondary reactions in gas phase.(4) Changes in surface state of brown coal during heating were investigated and the role of these on the catalytic gasification of char was elucidated.(5) A new process for producing a high performance active carbons from brown coal for removing SOx and NOx was developed.(6) Proton Magnetic Resonance Thermal Analysis was used to see the changes in coal structure during heating and new mobile phases were detected. Also the reaction processes between brown coal and added materials were clarified.(7) Products from oxidation of brown coal in alkaline medium with oxygen was separated effectively using high performance liquid chromatography.The program gave prospect of new conversion processes and greatly contributed to the mutual understanding between the two parties.