The Rise and Development of Modern German Comedy

德国现代喜剧的兴起与发展

• 批准号: 01510287
• 负责人: NAKAMURA Shiro
• 金额: $ 1.22万
• 依托单位: Tohoku University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1989
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1989 至 1990
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-01510287/
• 关键词: Comedy; Goethe; Grobeta-Cophta; Fool; Heine; Raimund; Nestroy; Anzengruber; ネ-ストロイ; ドイツ喜劇; 通俗演劇; クライスト; レッシング; ウィ-ン民衆劇; 文学的喜劇と通俗喜劇の分極化

The purpose of this project is to make clear the special problems of modern German comedy by investigating its origin and development. The following results were obtained :1. NAKAMURA has studied especially the elements that had hindered the development of German comedy in the age of German Classicism. An extraordinarily ambivalent character of the German comedy of the time can be found in Goethe's Great Cophta (Grobeta-Cophta), his greatest yet failed attempt at writing a comedy. The cause of the failure consists in its mixture of elements both of comedy and opera which has made the work imperfect either as a comedy or as an opera buffa in the line of Figaro's Wedding. This mixture is conditioned by the social problems of Germany at the time and Goethe's attempt was to exert a negative influence upon the later development of German comedy.2. HARA has explicated some problems of Austrian folk drama which have not been successfully integrated in the history of German comedy by other descriptions of it. A clear change in the intentions of the dramatists, caused by the changing social conditions, can be observed, especially in the transffomation of the fool, Hanswurst. This development is traced through the works of Raimund, Nestroy, and Anzengruber.3. KUBOTA has investigated the role of comedy in Romantic literature. He has found interesting comic elements represented by fool-like figures, especially in the works of Heine which has so far been ignored in the history of German comedy. It is made clear that the comic element or the comic figure has great influence not only upon the dramatic but also other non-dramatic genres.

本课题旨在通过考察德国现代喜剧的起源和发展，弄清德国现代喜剧的特殊问题。获得了以下结果：1.中村特别研究了德国古典主义时期阻碍德国喜剧发展的因素。在歌德的《伟大的科弗塔》（Grobeta-Cophta）中可以发现当时德国喜剧的一个非常矛盾的特征，这是他写喜剧的最伟大但失败的尝试。失败的原因在于它混合了喜剧和歌剧两种元素，这使得作品无论是作为喜剧还是作为一部类似于《费加罗的婚礼》的滑稽歌剧都不完美。这种混合是由当时德国的社会问题所决定的，歌德的企图是对德国喜剧后来的发展产生负面影响。原在他的作品中，通过对奥地利民间戏剧的其他描述，阐明了一些未能成功融入德国喜剧史的奥地利民间戏剧的问题。可以看出，由于社会条件的变化，剧作家的意图发生了明显的变化，特别是在对傻瓜汉瑟斯特的改造中。这种发展可以追溯到Raimund，Nestroy和Anzengruber的作品。久保田研究了喜剧在浪漫主义文学中的作用。他发现了以傻瓜形象为代表的有趣的喜剧元素，特别是在海涅的作品中，这在德国喜剧史上一直被忽视。这表明喜剧元素或喜剧人物不仅对戏剧而且对其他非戏剧体裁都有很大的影响。

项目成果

中村 志朗: "『ハイルブロンのケ-トヒェン』あるいはモザイク美女クニグンデの闘い" 人形芝居. 6. (1991)

中村四郎：“‘海尔布隆的凯琴’或马赛克美女库尼贡德之战”木偶剧 6。（1991）。

中村 志朗: "クライストの言語遊戯ーR.ロイスの新説に関連してー" 人形芝居. 5. 71-86 (1990)

Shiro Nakamura：“克莱斯特的语言戏剧 - 与 R. Royce 的新理论的关系”木偶剧院 5. 71-86 (1990)。

中村 志朗: "『ハイルブロンのケ-トヒェン』あるいはモザイク美女のニグンデの闘い" 人形芝居. 6. (1991)

中村四郎：“‘海尔布隆的凯琴’或马赛克美女的尼贡德之战”木偶剧6。（1991）

中村 志朗: "クライストの言語遊戯 ーR.ロイスの新説に関連してー" 人形芝居. 5. 71-86 (1990)

Shiro Nakamura：“基督的语言戏剧 - 与 R. Royce 的新理论有关”木偶剧院 5. 71-86 (1990)。

Shiro, Nakamura: "The Word Game of Kleist - On the new hypothesis of R, Reubeta." Ningyoushibai. Nr. 5. 71-86 (1990)

Shiro, Nakamura：“克莱斯特的文字游戏 - 关于 R，Reubeta 的新假设。”