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Empirical and Comparative Study of Security Interest Transactions in Consumer Credit in Japan

日本消费信贷担保权益交易的实证与比较研究

基本信息

批准号：
01520024
负责人：
ARAKAWA Shigekatsu
金额：
$ 1.34万
依托单位：
RITSUMEIKAN UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1989
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1989 至 1991
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

We have conducted an empirical and comparative study of security interest transactions in consumer credit in Japan. Our goal was to identify the various legal problems associated with such transactions, and to overview the possible solutions to similar problems which have arisen in other developed countries such as Germany and European Community.The results of our study are as follows. Firstly, it is evident that the protection of a guarantor or a surety/mortgagor against whom a creditor takes action is required. This is due to the fact that the creditor advances credit in knowledge that it can hold only a subordinate security interest in the debtor's real estate, or that the creditor misjudges the value of the real estate in which security interest is to be acquired. Secondly, a theoretical problem arises in the case where a creditor takes a deposit in the debtor's bank account as the security interest. Our study also included an examination of the applicability of the Preliminary Recording Act (KARI TOKI TANPO HO) to security interests such as the installment land contract with forfeiture clause, absolute deed or sale-leaseback, and the provisions regulating blanket-mortgage to blanket sureties.Finally, comprehensive research into German and the European Community laws regulating consumer credit has provided us with a meaningful analytical framework with which to study legislative and policy issues concerning consumer credit in Japan.

我们对日本消费信贷中的担保权益交易进行了实证和比较研究。我们的目标是确定与此类交易相关的各种法律问题，并概述德国和欧盟等其他发达国家出现的类似问题的可能解决方案。我们的研究结果如下。首先，显然需要保护债权人采取行动的担保人或担保人/抵押人。这是因为债权人在发放信贷时明知自己只能持有债务人房地产的次要担保权益，或者债权人错误判断了要获取担保权益的房地产的价值。其次，债权人以债务人银行账户中的存款作为担保权益的情况会出现一个理论上的问题。我们的研究还包括审查《初步记录法》（KARI TOKI TANPO HO）对担保权益的适用性，例如带有没收条款的分期付款土地合同、绝对契据或售后回租，以及规范一揽子抵押贷款到一揽子担保的规定。最后，对德国和欧洲共同体监管消费者信贷的法律的全面研究为我们提供了一个有意义的分析框架，可用于研究立法和政策日本的消费信贷问题。