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Development of Rapid Active Figure Control Systems for Large Telescope Mirrors

大型望远镜镜快速主动形控制系统的开发

基本信息

批准号：
01840002
负责人：
KODAIRA Keiichi
金额：
$ 6.02万
依托单位：
National Astronomical Observatory
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Developmental Scientific Research (B).
财政年份：
1989
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1989 至 1990
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-01840002/
关键词：
Large Telescope Mirror Surface Measurement Active Optics Adaptive Optics Image Stabilizer Servo Control 大望遠鏡

项目摘要

National Astronomical Observatory is planning to build an 8m telescope (Japan National Large Telescope : JNLT) for optical and infrared astronomy on top of Mauna Kea, Hawaii. A thin meniscus primary mirror with an active optics system will be used for JNLT to achieve the best imaging quality at a reasonable cost. Another important innovation to be used for improving the imaging quality of JNLT is the adaptive optics system. The wavefront aberration due to the atmospheric turbulence is measured and quickly compensated for by rapid adaptive optical components.The achievements of the present research in these regards are as follows :(1) An automatic control system in a closed loop to operate the active optics of a 62cm engineering telescope was established.(2) The turn around time of the control loop was shortened by a factor of about two by improving algorithms.(3) A new type damper system using magnetic fluid was developed for JNLT actuators.(4) Micro thermal convection arising from the mirror during night time was precisely measured and analyzed.(5) An image stabilizer, which measures the rapid image motion of a star due to the atmospheric turbulence and compensates for this motion by a servo control, was successfully constructed.(6) Very thin glass mirrors and piezo-electric actuators to constitute an adaptive optics system were developed and characterized.

日本国家天文台计划在夏威夷的莫纳克亚山顶建造一座8米望远镜（日本国家大型望远镜：JNLT），用于光学和红外天文学。一个薄的弯月形主镜与主动光学系统将用于JNLT，以达到最佳的成像质量在合理的成本。另一个用于提高JNLT成像质量的重要创新是自适应光学系统。本文主要研究了大气湍流引起的波前像差的测量和快速自适应光学元件的快速补偿，取得了以下研究成果：（1）建立了62cm工程望远镜主动光学系统的闭环自动控制系统。(2)通过改进算法，控制回路的周转时间缩短了约2倍。(3)研制了一种用于JNLT执行器的新型磁流体阻尼系统。(4)精确测量和分析了夜间镜面产生的微小热对流。(5)成功地构建了一种图像稳定器，该图像稳定器测量由于大气湍流引起的星星的快速图像运动，并通过伺服控制来补偿这种运动。(6)非常薄的玻璃反射镜和压电致动器，构成一个自适应光学系统的发展和特点。