Simulation Test of Hemolysis by Micro-dye-Capsule Solution in a Centrifugal Blood Pump.

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Hemolysis and coagulation of blood as well as dynamical pump performance are serious problems in blood pumps. It is specially important to develop a centrifugal blood pump with low hemolysis even under high speed rotation of impeller. Highly repeatable hemolysis test by real blood is not easy owing to biological surface reaction on materials. Therefore, if we, as substitute of red blood cell, use micro-dye-capsules, which are sensitive to dynamical forces but biologically inert, then we can expect highly repeatable hemolysis data only caused by pure dynamical effects. These capsules are particles for pressure sensing sheets of industrial use.The test results are as follows : "1". We established simulation test methods of hemolysis with micro-dye -capsule solutions (produced by Fuji Film Inc.). The leuco dye in the damaged capsule becomes free as droplets in the solutions. Measured dye concentration on a color sensing sheet indicates thedamaged grade of the capsules. This is very similar to free hemoglobin in real hemolysis test. "2". Hemolysis tests of in double cones and nutating centrifugal blood pumps result that the damage of capsules is expressible with an exponential function of shear stress multiplied by elapse time. The damage of capsules increase severely at the higher rotational speed than 3500 rpm. The threshold of hemolysis for our nutating centrifugal pump proved to be 3500 rpm. This correlate well with hemolysis test by real blood.