A Study on Abrasion Properties of Silk Fabrics

用扫描电子显微镜观察了真丝纤维在实际磨损和磨损试验机磨损后的形态变化，并用万能磨损试验机考察了其磨损性能。所获得的研究结果总结如下。真丝纤维被实际磨损的主要特征是丝带状的纤维从纤维体上剥离，平行于纤维轴，在断裂的纤维的末端大量分裂成细碎的纤维。在万能磨损试验机上用砂纸进行平面磨损试验后，发现真丝纤维表面有明显的磨损现象。用JIS规定的色牢度磨损试验机对真丝织物进行磨损试验，在低磨损时间下，纤维的形态表现出与实际穿着相似的特征。在万能耐磨试验机的平磨试验中，当织物结构非常相似且在标准条件下调整试件时，真丝织物的耐磨性优于棉织物。耐磨性与经纱方向的拉伸强度和摩擦力之间存在显著的相关性。

The morphological changes of silk fibers abraded by actual wears and by an abrasion tester were inspected by a scanning electron microscope and abrasion properties were investigated by an universal wear tester. The results obtained were summarized as follows.1. The dominant features of silk fibers abraded by actual wears were ribbon-like fibrils peeled off the fiber body, parallel to the fiber axis,and much splitting into shredded fibrils in the ends of cracked fibers.2. After specimens of the flat-abrasion test by an universal wear tester using abrasive papers, the appearances of surface on silk fibers showed remarkable abradent scrapped fibers off.3. When silk fabrics were abraded by cotton fabrics using abrasion tester for color-fastness prescribed in JIS, morphologies of fibers showed similar features to that by actual wears in the low abrasion times.4. In the flat-abrasion test by an universal wear tester, the abrasion resistance of silk fabrics were superior to that of cotton fabrics, when fabric structures resembled each other very much and specimens were adjusted in the standard condition.5. The significant correlation were found between the abrasion resistance and the tensile strength and the friction force at the warp yarn direction.