STUDIES ON THE IMPROVEMENT OF MUDDY SOIL AND THE CLARIFICATION OF ENVIRONMENTS(WATER AND SOIL) BY MEANS OF Phragmites australis(Cav.) Trin.ex Steudel

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The drying of the upper soil layer in bare ground is progressing very fast, but that of the deeper layers is difficult. Furthermore, since the coefficient of water permeability of muddy soil after initial reclamation is as low as 10^<-5>-10^<-7>cm/sec and the greater part of soil water is absorbed on the soil particles, it is difficult to move soil water by means of gravity. Introduction of P. communis to polder may be an effective means of desiccating muddy soil, because active transpiration of P. communis plants can reduce soil water in the lower layers of the ground.P. communis can liberate a large amount of gas especially from the base of the culm into the surface water even under normal pressure in the afternoon in the summer season.