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The Runoff on the Snowfall Source Basins

降雪源盆地径流

基本信息

批准号：
01560242
负责人：
SAKURADA Junji
金额：
$ 1.54万
依托单位：
Hokkaido University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1989
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1989 至 1990
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-01560242/
关键词：
Dam basins Snow melt Low discharge Snow depth Flood flow

项目摘要

The phenomena of snowfall and snow melt are seemed very excellent storage functions of rain. The discharge during snow melting period occupies from 40 to 60 percent of a year discharge. Because the snowmelting period from April to June, there are very important problems at agricultural hydrotechnics as regards dam management.1. Because the construction of the Kanayam Dam at the upper basins of the Sorachi river, there is a change of runoff characteristics which are increase of low-flow and decrease of flood flow.2. The runoff of the source basins at the Ishikari river is regional differences. At the foot of the Tokachi Mountain, the discharge for a year is very small. On the other hand, at the foot of Syokanbetsu Mountain and the upper basins of the Aoyama dam, it is a great deal of discharge, about 3000mm.3. About low flow in dam basins, because rain fall stored as snow for snowfall period, the least discharge for snowfall period are smaller than for rainfall-runoff. It is ablo to regard it as the same phenomenon that non-rainfall circumstances continue for a long time.4. There is a correlation between the average discharge of the least five days for a year and the rain fall for n days before this value is occurred. At the basins of Horobetsu basins, there is the highest correlation value in n = 25. On the other hand, at Oyubari basins, the correlation coefficient is 0.71 as biggest value, in n = 70.5. At the basins of dam in cold regions, it is necessary to consider the coefficient of rain fall. This is the coefficient for place (plane, point) and for height. The value of the coefficient are very large and equal to the rainfall from 1.5 to 2.0 times as much as observed rainfall for basins.

降雪和融雪现象似乎具有很好的雨水储存功能。融雪期流量占全年流量的40%~ 60%。由于每年4月至6月为融雪期，因此，在农业水利工程中，大坝管理是一个非常重要的问题.由于在空知河上游修建了Kanayam大坝，使空知河的径流特性发生了变化，表现为枯水流量增加，洪水流量减少.石狩川流域的径流量存在区域差异。在十胜山脚下，一年的流量都很小。另一方面，在小冈别山脚和青山大坝上游流域，流量很大，约3000 mm。3.在坝流域枯水流量方面，由于降雨在降雪期以雪的形式储存，降雪期的最小流量小于非降雨径流。可以把长期无降雨的情况看作是同一种现象.一年中最少5天的平均流量与该值出现前n天的降雨量之间存在相关性。在Horobetsu盆地的盆地中，n = 25时的相关值最高。另一方面，在Oyubari盆地，相关系数为0.71，为最大值，n = 70.5。在寒冷地区的坝区，需要考虑降雨系数。这是位置（平面，点）和高度的系数。该系数值很大，相当于流域实测降雨量的1.5 ~ 2.0倍。