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Studies on the Burned-Fields (Yakihata) in the Akaishi Mountains and its Surrounding Areas

赤石山及其周边地区的烧畑研究

基本信息

批准号：
01580234
负责人：
MATSUMOTO Shigeki
金额：
$ 0.77万
依托单位：
Shizuoka University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1989
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1989 至 1991
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-01580234/
关键词：
burned-fields(yakihata)Akaishi mountains garden pea (Kinusaya-endo) culture eastern coastal mountains of the Izu Peninsula Mt. Ryuso disputes concerning grass plots (magusaba)dokue-giri mitsumata 秣場入郷の村馬札・歩札伊豆東海岸山地キヌサヤ豌豆火入

项目摘要

In the Akaishi Mountains and its surrounding areas, the burned-fields(yakihata)were distributed widely before. The writer intended to make clear the characteristics of the burned-fields of these mountains by investigating ancient manuscripts and maps, together with field surveys.The writer's researches were done extending over three years. In the first year, he mainly made researches on the relation between the distributions of burned-fields and high-level gentle slopes in the southern Akaishi Mountains. As a result, he concluded that there were three belts of the dense distribution of gentle slopes in this mountains, and the burned-fields were taken place on the gentle slopes below 1, 500m above sea level. In the second year, the writer mainly studied on the garden-pea(kinusaya-endo)culture by the burned-fields in the eastern coastal mountains of the Izu Peninsula. As a result, he made clear that the former crop rotation system of the burned-fields became already extinct in this area, and as to "burning", the transformation is in progress from the former "general burning" to the present "partial(patch)burning".In the last year, the writer's main researches were carried out in Mt. Ryuso area, in the northeastern suburbs of Shizuoka City. In this area, the violent disputes concerning the grass plots(magusaba)and the burned-fields were repeated between three villages in this mountain and 39 villages on the plain in front, extending over 185 years from the Edo period down to the Meiji era. The writer made clear the detailed import of these disputes, the distributions of grass plots and burned-fields in this mountain, the introduction of the cash crops such as "dokue-giri(Aleurites)" and "mitsumata(Edgeworthia chrysantha)" into grass plots and burned-fields at the Edo period, and the renewal to tea and mandarin orange from those crops at the Meiji era.

在赤石山脉及其周边地区，火烧田（yakihata）曾广泛分布。笔者试图通过对古文献、地图的调查，结合实地考察，弄清这几座山的火烧地特征，历时三年。在第一年，他主要研究了赤石山南部的火烧田分布与高水平缓坡之间的关系。结果表明，该山缓坡密集分布有三个带，火烧地多发生在海拔1500米以下的缓坡上。第二年，作者主要研究了伊豆半岛东部沿海山区的火烧田的豌豆文化。因此，他明确了过去的火烧地轮作制度在这一地区已经绝迹，而在“烧”方面，则正在由过去的“普遍烧”向现在的“局部（斑块）烧”转变。静冈市东北郊的龙总地区。在这一地区，从江户时代到明治时代的185年里，这座山的3个村庄和前面平原上的39个村庄之间反复发生了关于草地（magusaba）和烧毁田地的暴力纠纷。本文详细介绍了这些纠纷的来龙去脉，以及该山的草地和火烧地的分布情况，江户时代在草地和火烧地中引进“千年桐”和“三爪桐”等经济作物的情况，明治时代这些经济作物又恢复为茶叶和柑橘橙子。