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Studies on the Burned-Fields (Yakihata) in the Akaishi Mountains and its Surrounding Areas

赤石山及其周边地区的烧畑研究

基本信息

批准号：
01580234
负责人：
MATSUMOTO Shigeki
金额：
$ 0.77万
依托单位：
Shizuoka University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1989
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1989 至 1991
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-01580234/
关键词：
burned-fields(yakihata)Akaishi mountains garden pea (Kinusaya-endo) culture eastern coastal mountains of the Izu Peninsula Mt. Ryuso disputes concerning grass plots (magusaba)dokue-giri mitsumata 秣場入郷の村馬札・歩札伊豆東海岸山地キヌサヤ豌豆火入

项目摘要

In the Akaishi Mountains and its surrounding areas, the burned-fields(yakihata)were distributed widely before. The writer intended to make clear the characteristics of the burned-fields of these mountains by investigating ancient manuscripts and maps, together with field surveys.The writer's researches were done extending over three years. In the first year, he mainly made researches on the relation between the distributions of burned-fields and high-level gentle slopes in the southern Akaishi Mountains. As a result, he concluded that there were three belts of the dense distribution of gentle slopes in this mountains, and the burned-fields were taken place on the gentle slopes below 1, 500m above sea level. In the second year, the writer mainly studied on the garden-pea(kinusaya-endo)culture by the burned-fields in the eastern coastal mountains of the Izu Peninsula. As a result, he made clear that the former crop rotation system of the burned-fields became already extinct in this area, and as to "burning", the transformation is in progress from the former "general burning" to the present "partial(patch)burning".In the last year, the writer's main researches were carried out in Mt. Ryuso area, in the northeastern suburbs of Shizuoka City. In this area, the violent disputes concerning the grass plots(magusaba)and the burned-fields were repeated between three villages in this mountain and 39 villages on the plain in front, extending over 185 years from the Edo period down to the Meiji era. The writer made clear the detailed import of these disputes, the distributions of grass plots and burned-fields in this mountain, the introduction of the cash crops such as "dokue-giri(Aleurites)" and "mitsumata(Edgeworthia chrysantha)" into grass plots and burned-fields at the Edo period, and the renewal to tea and mandarin orange from those crops at the Meiji era.

在赤石山脉及其周边地区，烧田以前分布广泛。作者试图通过对古代手稿和地图的研究，结合实地调查，来弄清这些山脉被烧毁的土地的特征。作者的研究工作持续了三年多。第一年主要研究赤石山脉南部的烧地分布与高边坡的关系。据此，他得出结论，该山区有3条缓坡密集分布带，火烧田主要发生在海拔1500米以下的缓坡上。第二年，笔者主要在伊豆半岛东部沿海山区的烧田中研究了园豆文化。因此，他明确指出，该地区以前的烧田轮作制度已经绝迹，在“烧”方面，正在从以前的“普遍烧”向现在的“局部（斑块）烧”转变。在过去的一年里，笔者的主要研究工作是在静冈市东北郊区的龙水山地区进行的。在这一地区，从江户时代到明治时代，在185年的时间里，山上的3个村庄和前面平原上的39个村庄之间反复发生了关于草地和烧毁土地的暴力纠纷。作者详细地叙述了这些纠纷的来龙活虎、该山的草田和烧田的分布、江户时代将“麻花”和“三樱”等经济作物引进草田和烧田，以及明治时代将这些作物改种为茶和柑桔的情况。