Comparative Study of the Socio-Cultural Impacts of Tourist Development

该项目的目的是调查旅游业发展对发展中国家造成的社会文化影响。该项目的研究人员在特立尼达和托巴哥、古巴、泰国、尼泊尔、印度尼西亚、韩国、斐济、夏威夷和澳大利亚进行了实地考察。这些国家和国家将促进旅游业发展作为政府政策，并一直在邀请国际游客。我们调查了政府的旅游发展政策和国际旅游宣传政策。早在20世纪70年代末，就有人预言旅游业将成为21世纪的主导产业。由于来自第一世界的国际游客的迅速增长，在一些发展中国家已经实现了这一点，我们调查了旅游业发展对这些国家某些社区的社会文化影响。旅游开发对发展中国家的负面影响是多方面的 关于我们 untries。旅游业发展造成的负面社会文化变化是传统生计的变化、男女传统角色的变化、社区社会政治结构的变化、犯罪增加和规范的偏离、社区之间冲突的增加、贫富之间的鸿沟、社区传统价值体系的变化、传统宗教的变化、民族传统艺术的变迁。我们还发现了发展中国家旅游业发展的积极影响。这些因素是旅游艺术的发展、民族认同感的增强和社区发展。据预测，发展中国家的国际旅游业将继续增长。由于大众旅游带来的负面影响，发展中国家一直在探索替代旅游或适度旅游。为了在发展中国家创造替代旅游或适当的旅游，需要对旅游业发展的影响进行持续的调查。这一研究项目应该是日本人类学家更系统、更长期研究的开始。少

The aim of this project is to investigate the socio-cultural impacts on the developing countries caused by the tourist development. The reseachers of this project have carried out their fieldworks in the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago, Cuba, Thailand, Nepal, Indonesia, Korea, Fiji, Hawaii, and Australia. These countries and the state have promoted tourist development as government policies and have been inviting international tourists. We have investigated the government policies for the tourist developments and for campaigning for international tourism. It is predicted in the end of 1970's that the tourist industry will be the leading industry in the 21th century. It has already been realized in some developing countries owing to the rapid growth of international tourists from the first world.We investigated the socio-cultural impacts of tourist development in the selected communities of those countries. We found many aspects of negative impact of tourist development on developing co … More untries. The negative socio-cultural changes caused by tourist development are changes in traditional livelihood, changes in the traditional roles between men and women, changes in the socio-political structure of the community, increased crime and a deviance of norms, increases of conflicts between communities, gulf between rich and poor, changes in the traditional value system of the community, changes in traditional religion, changes in traditional ethnic arts. We also found out the positive impacts of the tourist development in the developing countries. Those are the development of tourist arts, the enhancement of ethnic identity, and community development.It is predicted that the growth of international tourism in developing contries will be continuing. The alternative tourism or appropriate tourism has been groping in developing countries because the mass tourism has caused negative impacts. In order to create the the alternative tourism or appropriate tourism in developing countries the contiunal investigations on the impacts of tourist developments are needed. This research project should be the beginning of the more systematic and longer study by Japanese anthropologists. Less