Cooperative studies of seroepidemiology and pathogenesis of Viral and parasitie diseases in Okinawa and Thailand

合作学习包括三个方面：1.黄病毒感染，特别是日本脑炎（JE）和登革出血热（DHF）。2.单纯疱疹病毒2型（HSV 2）感染。3.获得的结果简述如下：1.用中和试验检测乙脑与登革出血热的交叉免疫反应。当具有乙脑或登革病毒N抗体的个体相继感染登革病毒或乙脑病毒时，不仅对病原病毒，而且对先前感染的病毒，N滴度也显著增加，增加的频率为35%~ 40%。因此，即使是N试验也不一定能鉴别黄病毒再感染的致病病毒，本研究利用重组杆状病毒产生的截短型登革-4 E蛋白作为诊断抗原，以鉴别登革和乙脑感染的可能性。结果表明，表达的蛋白可作为鉴别登革病毒的诊断抗原。 ...更多信息 RT-PCR方法可用于DHF的早期诊断。通过对RT-PCR引物的筛选，建立了一种可用于4种血清型登革病毒的RT-PCR鉴定方法，并与病毒分离株进行了比较.用限制性内切酶酶切图谱分析了冲绳和清迈分离的HSV 2分离株对小鼠的毒力。观察到每个区域分离物特有的一些裂解模式。通过外周注射，冲绳分离株对小鼠表现出较高、中等和较低的毒力，而Chiand Mai分离株仅表现出中等毒力3。在清迈对圆线虫病的现场调查中，成年村民的阳性率为46.3%，学龄儿童的阳性率为6.9%，新开发的圆线虫病ELISA对冲绳样本的检测结果与粪便培养结果一致，但对清迈样本的检测结果与粪便培养结果不一致，这可能是由于与其他肠道寄生虫如猫后睾吸虫和钩虫混合感染引起的交叉反应。在清迈地区非常流行。少

The cooperative study consists of three fields : 1. Flavivirus infections, specifically Japanese encephalitis(JE) and dengue hemorrhagic fever(DHF). 2. Herpes simplex virus type 2(HSV 2) infection. 3. Strongyloidiasis.Results obtained are described briefly as follows :1. Cross immune response between JE and DHF was examined by neutralization(N) tests. When individuals with pre-existing N antibody to JE or dengue virus were infected sequentially with dengue or JE virus, significant increases of N titer were observed not only to the causative virus but also to the previously infected virus at the frequency of 35%-40%. Thus, even the N test could not always identify the causative virus in re-infection of flaviviruses.The truncated dengue-4 E protein produced by a recombinant baculovirus was wxamined for the possibility of diagnostic antigen to differentiate dengue and JE infection. Results indicated that the expressed protein was a useful diagnostic antigen in differentiation of dengue in … More fection from JE with slightly lower specificity than N test.RT-PCR method was examined for the early diagnosis of DHF. Appropriate selections of primers for RT-PCR resulted in a useful identification method of 4 serotypes of dengue virus in comparison with virus isolation.2. HSV 2 isolates in Okinawa and Chiang Mai were analyzed by the restriction endonuclease cleavage patterns and virulence to mice. Some cleavage patterns characteristic to each regional isolate were observed. The Okinawan isolates showed higher, intermediate and lower virulence while the Chiand Mai isolates showed only intermediate virulence to mice by peripheral injection3. Field study on strongyloidiasis in Chiang Mai gave positive rates of 46.3% in adult villagers and 6.9% in school children.The newly developed ELISA for strongyloidiasis gave well-corresponding results with those of the stool culture examination for the Okinawan samples but did not for the Chiang Mai samples, possibly due to cross reactions caused by co-infections with other intestinal parasites such as Opisthorchis viverrini and hookworm, which were found to be highly prevalent in the Chiang Mai area. Less