A Study on Sediment Transport and River Bed Variation Based on the Simultaneous Measurements of Flow and Sediment Movement in Various Scales

基于多尺度流量和泥沙运动同步测量的泥沙输送和河床变化研究

基本信息

批准号：
02302066
负责人：
ASHIDA Kazuo
金额：
$ 4.48万
依托单位：
KYOTO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Co-operative Research (A)
财政年份：
1990
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1990 至 1991
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

In this study, the mechanism of sediment transport and river bed variation such as suspension of the sediment by eddies, bed configuration, sediment discharge and sediment sorting with various scales including laboratory flumes and field rivers are clarified through simultaneous measurements of flow and sediment movement with the help of various new techniques. This work had been promoted as the joint research with the Working Group of Hydraulics Committee of Japan Society of Civil Engineers. In December, 1991, a mini-symposium "simultaneous measurements of flow and sediment transport" was co-held by the both groups. The results obtained by each investigator are summarized as follows:Nezu measured the turbulent structure of unsteady flow on dunes in a laboratory flume, using two component laser anemometer and water level gage, and found that the turbulence intensity and suspended sediment concentration are higher in the rising stage than in the descending stage of a flood.Sawai devised … More a new technique to measure a bed form along arbitrary curves automatically using a personal computer and clarified the characteristics of the bed variation in a meandering channel during a flood, in which no remarkable variation of bed level was found.Ikeda clarified the longitudinal sediment sorting in a large scale laboratory flume and discussed about the effect of rocky stream bed in River Ooi. He also emphasizes about the role of abrasion on the sediment size variation along river courses.Sawada and Ashida clarified the characteristics of the sediment runoff in a mountain stream through long term observation in Ashiaraidani basin of Jinzu River. It was found that the variation of sediment discharge is highly correlated with stream variation. They also considered about what and how accurate to measure in future observation.Hasegawa, Kinoshita, Nishida and Tominaga clarified the flood flow and sediment transport in low land rivers through observation in River Ishikari, River Shiribetsu, River Takase and Gumma Irrigation Channel etc. Through Tominaga's work, the similarity of flow structure between laboratory flumes and field rivers was ascertained. Nishida et. al devised a new technique to support the probes using a pair of ropes beside a bridge and observed the variation of salinity and velocity field near a river mouth. Hasegawa observed the flow velocity and suspended sediment simultaneously near the mouth of River Ishikari and found that the peak of shear velocity and sediment concentration appears before that of the water level. Kinoshita tried to utilize a hover craft and a flowing buoy to measure bed profile quickly and found out a series of bed forms with the wave length ratio about 6. Less

在这项研究中，通过涡流，床配置，沉积物排放和沉积物分类，包括各种尺度，包括实验室隆起和野外河流的悬浮液的机制，例如通过涡流，沉积物排放和沉积物进行分类，通过同时测量流量和沉积物运动，并在各种新技术的帮助下进行。作为日本土木工程师协会液压委员会的联合研究，这项工作已被推广。 1991年12月，两组共同控制了一个迷你 - 符合“流量和沉积物运输的同时测量”。每个研究者获得的结果总结如下：Nezu测量了实验室水槽中沙丘上不稳定流动的湍流结构，使用两个组件激光器气压计和水位计量量表，发现湍流强度和悬浮沉积物的浓度在升高的阶段中均高于较新的效率。个人计算机并阐明了在洪水期间蜿蜒通道中床的变化的特征，在洪水中找不到明显的床位变化。Ikeda阐明了大型实验室水槽中的纵向沉积物分类，并讨论了OOI岩石床的效果。他还强调了磨损在河道沿河道沿泥沙尺寸变化中的作用。Sawada和Ashida通过在Jinzu河的Ashiaridani盆地的长期观察中阐明了山流中沉积物径流的特征。发现沉积物排放的变化与河流变化高度相关。他们还考虑了未来观察中的衡量以及如何准确测量。 Nishida等。艾尔（Al）设计了一种新技术，可以使用桥旁边的一条绳索来支持这些问题，并观察到河口附近的盐度和速度场的变化。长谷川观察到流速和悬浮的沉积物，只是在Ishikari河口附近，发现剪切速度和沉积物浓度的峰值出现在水位之前。 Kinoshita试图利用悬停的飞机和流动的浮标来快速测量床轮廓，并发现一系列的床，波长比率约为6。