Development of Analytical Instruments and Establishment of Analytical Method for Volatile Drugs and Poisons in Minute Amounts of Biological Samples

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The present research has been performed in order to develop analytical instruments and to establish the procedures, being capable of accurate and rapid analysis for volatile substances (e.g., ethanol, chloroform and toluene) even in minute amounts of biological specimens. The results obtained are as follows;1. In order to reveal the possibility of repeated usage of ferromagnetic alloys, special aluminum capsules were made experimentally to prevent contamination after analysis and deterioration of ferromagnetic alloys.2. In fundamental experiments with animal tissue samples for ethanol, diethylether, chloroform and toluene, the measured values by the pulse heating method almost correlated to those by the head space method, respectively. It was also revealed that the pulse heating method could be available for the determination of all of the volatiles examined.3. Sample specimens were divided into 5 portions, and the each specimen was examined simultaneously at 5 different institutes:1) … More In ethanol concentrations measured values were compared to each other; between institute A and B (correlation coefficient(r)=0.943); between A and C (r=0.928); between A and D (r=0.990); between A and E (r=0.956), indicating strong positive correlations.2)The concentrations of diethylether, chloroform and toluene were also compared. The correlation coefficient between A and C was 0.601 and between A and E, 0.858. These coefficients wide variations. The problem required a further investigation.4. Ethanol concentrations in the blood and urine obtained from autopsied cadavers were measured by the pulse Heating and the head space methods. The measured values by the two different methods showed the following regression formula : Y=0.117+0.993X (Y, the measured value by the pulse method; X, those by the head space method; r=0.996; sample size, n=85), indicating a strong positive correlationFrom these results, it has been revealed that pulse heating method was available for accurate and rapid analysis for ethanol in minute amounts of samples in both qualitative and quantitative analysis. The data obtained by measuring of diethylether, chloroform and toluene showed a wide variation among the different institutes. This required a further investigation. The pulse heating is, very useful for rapid qualitative screening of volatiles. Less