Joint study on liquid calorimeters for SDC experiments

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This research project has been carried out as a joint research with the US laboratories, Fermilab, Lawrence Berkeley Lab., Brookhaven National Lab. and Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, from 1991 through 1993. The primary object of this research was to study the feasibility and performance of liquid argon- and warm liquid calorimeters for the super conductive super collider (SSC) which was supposed to be built at Texas in the United States.Through this grand-in-aid from International Scientific Research Program, 26 researchers were sent to the US laboratories to carry the experiments and the data analyses. 3 researchers from the US laboratories came to Japan for summarizing the results.The major results obtained from this research are as follows : For the lead-liquid argon calorimeter with fast shaping readout of 100ns, the energy resolutions, sigma/E=(21.8*0.4)/ROO<E>% and (61.6*0.6)/ROO<E>% for electrons and pions, respectively. A timing resolution of 9.3ns is obtained for the electrons at 10GeV. Pile-up effects are estimated to be small at the nominal luminosity of the SSC. For the warm liquid calorimeter with Tetramethylpentane, the signal response ratio, e/h was obtained to be 1.1 for the lead absorbers. The energy resolutions are similar to liquid argon calorimeters. This study indicates that the warm liquid calorimeter can be used for the SSC experiments. However, we need further feasibility study because of stringent requirement of high liquid purity.