Geophysical and Glaciological Application of PRARE Data from E-ERS-1 Tracking Stations

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We have made collaborative research by sending/receiving scientists to/from DGFI (Munchen), Geoforschungs Zentrum Potsdam (GFZ ; Potsdam), Institute Geographic National (IGN ; Paris), Alfred-Wegener Institute fur Polar and Meeresforschung (Bremerhaven) and Center National d'Etudes Spatialles (CNES, Toulouse).The followings are brief summary on three major subjects :1. Ice Sheet ConfigurationOur main concern is to obtain 0.1 m accrate digital elevation grids after correcting for slope induced error, waveform retracking, and geoid height. ERS-1 ALT data however cannot give us grid height of better than 0.5-1 m for the shelf ice area, or 1-2 m for the inland 2000 m height katabatic wind region according to the in-situ ground survey by the German Antarctic Expedition or by the Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition. Launch of the ERS-2 with PRARE is expected.2. Geocentric Reference Frame(1) DORIS beacon antenna was installed at Syowa Station, and 1 year's DORIS beacon data gave +-4 cm convergent Cartesian coordinates. The beacon data were used for precisely orbiting Topex/Poseidon satellite. ALT accuracy can be improved by adjusting ERS-1 orbits to the Topex/Poseidon orbits.(2) Local geodetic tie between the VLBI antenna and the SCAR GPS site was tried in 1993 with the resultant accuracy of 10-15 cm. We are now investigating to have better accuracy by software improvements. Colocation of VLBI, GPS and DORIS obtained geocentric coordinates will establish 0.1 m accurate reference frame in the Antarctic region.3. Precise GravimetryInstallation of the superconducting gravimeter at Syowa Station in parallel with our Program must be an epoch-making step for precise gravimetry. Based on our discussions among NIPR, GFZ, GRGS/CNES, and Australian Land and Survey(AUSLIG ; Canberra), ATGIA(Accurate Tidal Gravimetry in Antarctica) international project will start in a near future.