The Effect of Ground Pavement on the Urban Thermal Environment

地面铺装对城市热环境的影响

• 批准号: 03650415
• 负责人: ASAEDA Takashi
• 金额: $ 1.22万
• 依托单位: Saitama University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1991 至 1992
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-03650415/
• 关键词: pavement; sensible heat transport; infrared radiation; absorption of radiation; anthropogenic heat; urban heat island; urban climate; urban environment; 蓄熱; 人工排熱; 顕熱; 潜熱; ヒ-トアイランド; 熱収支; 大気環境; 土地利用; 都市計画; 温暖化

First, constructing experimental pavements with various materials, such as asphalt, concrete, macadam, and sand, the energy budget components at the surface, solar radiation, atmospheric radiation, backward infared radiation, temperature distribution inside the pavement was measured, together with those at the bare soil. It was found that the sensible heat transport amounted up to 350W/m2 about 14:00 on the asphalt surface, whereas 150W/m2 with the concrete surface and the bare soil. This high emission from the asphalt surface is due to the high temperature, 60 to 70 C, which was 20 degrees higher than that of the atmosphere.The infrared emission from the surface exceeds the atmospheric radiation by 200W/m2, which was also very high. The atmospheric radiation flux model was developed to estimate how much percentage of this emission excess is absorbed by the atmosphere. The results show that, accumulated within 500m from the ground, there is about 80W/m2 excess of absorption compared with the emission of the air in case of the asphalt. This is also very high compared with anthropogenic heat emission, which is about 10-20W/m2 in average.This high absorption rate was confirmed with field experiment by raising infrared radio meter.

首先，采用沥青、混凝土、碎石、砂土等不同材料建造试验路面，测量路面表面能量收支分量、太阳辐射、大气辐射、后向红外辐射、路面内部温度分布以及裸露土的温度分布。结果表明，14:00时沥青路面的感热输运最大，为350W/m2，而混凝土路面和裸土的感热输运最大，为150W/m2。沥青表面的高排放是由于高温，60到70摄氏度，比大气高20度。地表红外辐射超过大气辐射200W/m2，也非常高。开发了大气辐射通量模型，以估计大气吸收了这些过量排放的多少百分比。结果表明，在距地面500m范围内，沥青的吸收比排放多出约80W/m2。这与人为热排放相比也非常高，平均约为10-20W/m2。提高红外射电计的现场实验证实了这种高吸收率。

项目成果

浅枝 隆,藤野 毅: "舗装面の熱収支と蓄熱特性について" 水文、水資源学会誌 No4. 5. 3-7 (1992)

Takashi Asaeda、Tsuyoshi Fujino：“关于路面的热平衡和蓄热特性”日本水文水资源学会杂志第 4. 5. 3-7 期（1992 年）

T.Asaeda, T.Fujino, M.Kitahara, A.Wake, Y.Kubota: "Heat storage effect of pavement on surface atmosphere" Environmental System Res.Vol.20. (1992)

T.Asaeda、T.Fujino、M.Kitahara、A.Wake、Y.Kubota：“路面对地表大气的蓄热效应”环境系统 Res.Vol.20。

浅枝 隆,北原 正代,鈴木 水弘: "舗装が地面付近の大気環境に及ぼす影響" 1991年 水文・水資源学会研究発表会要旨集. 154-157 (1991)

Takashi Asaeda、Masayo Kitahara、Mizuhiro Suzuki：“路面对地面附近大气环境的影响”1991 年日本水文水资源研究会摘要 154-157（1991）。

Takashi Asaeda,Akio Wake: "The Heating of the Paved Ground and Its Effects to the Surface Atmosphere" BoundaryーLayer Meteorology.

Takashi Asaeda，Akio Wake：“铺装地面的加热及其对表面大气的影响”边界层气象学。

T.Asaeda, Vu Ca Thanh: "The surfcace transport of heat and moisture and its effect on the environment; a numerical model" Boundary-Layer Meteorology.

T.Asaeda、Vu Ca Thanh：“热量和湿气的表面传输及其对环境的影响；数值模型”边界层气象学。