Development of (X,eX) Spectroscopy

在康普顿散射实验中，单色X射线光子是非弹性散射的，而散射的X射线光子是作为方向和能量的函数来检测的。在(X，EX)光谱学中，除了X射线光子之外，还测量作为能量和方向函数的重合反冲电子。然后，利用动量守恒和能量守恒，可以完整地描述初始电子态。尽管早些时候已经指出，由于实验上的困难，(X，EX)信号从未被观测到。为了实现这一目标，激发X射线必须很强，散射X射线应该被有效地收集，反冲电子应该与不同来源的电子，例如光电子区分开来。在本研究中，为了观察(X，EX)现象，研制了高效的X射线光谱仪和电子分析仪，其中单色仪由球状弯曲的Si(440)晶体组成，光谱仪由单弯曲的石墨(004)晶体组成。通过使用它们，观察到了非常弱的X射线拉曼散射(参考文献1)。在此基础上，构建了由直径为mm的内球体和直径为86 mm的外球体组成的单球体静电分析仪。正如预期的那样，分辨率为2 eV，并观察到(提交发表)了(e，2e)现象，这是(X，EX)的电子类比。通过组合这些元素(X，EX)进行了测量，并观察到了一致的信号。然而，它们可能起源于光电子，我们仍在努力确定它们是否是(X，EX)信号。

In Compton scattering experiments, monochromatic X-ray photons are inelastically scattered, and scattered X-ray photons are detected as a function of direction and energy. In (X,eX) spectroscopy, in addition to X-ray photons, coincident recoil electrons are measure also as a function of energy and direction. Then, by the use of momentum coservation and energy conservation, the initial electronic state can completely described. Although pointed out in earlier times, (X,eX) signal has never been observed because of experimental difficulties. In order for this goal to be achieved, excitation X-rays should be strong, scattered X-rays should be efficiently collected, and recoil electron should be discriminated from electrons from different origin, ex.photoelectron. In this study, efficient X-ray spectrometera and an electron analyzer are developed in order to observe (X,eX) phenomenon.A monochromator having a spherically bent Si (440) crystal and a spectrometer having a singly bent graphite (004) crystal were constructed. By the use of these, very weak X-ray Raman scattering was observed (Reference 1). Then, a single spherical electrostatic analyzer was constructed, which consists of an inner sphere of 64 mm in diameter and an oute sphere of 86 mm in diameter. The resolution was 2 eV as expected, and (e, 2e) phenomena which is an electron analogure of (X,eX) were observed (submitted for publication). By combining these elements (X,eX) measurements were carried out and coincident signals were observed. They might, however, originate from photoelectron, and we are still trying to make it sure whether they are (X,eX) signals or not.