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Development of a high-resolution large-mass cryogenic particle detector

高分辨率大质量低温粒子探测器的研制

基本信息

批准号：
04554007
负责人：
MINOWA Makoto
金额：
$ 11.2万
依托单位：
University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Developmental Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1992
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1992 至 1993
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-04554007/
关键词：
bolometer dilution refrigerator cryogenics thermistor double beta decay low background dark matter particle detector NTD

项目摘要

A dedicated dilution refrigerator has been constructed. It is capable of cooling one-kilogram of absorber material down to 10mK.It is made of specially selected raw materials to reduce natural radiation background from them. Especially, the inner and outer cylinders of the dewar vessel as well as the inner vacuum chamber of the refrigerator are all made of oxigen free copper.It is also made so that a lead radiation shield can be installed inside it. It has a specification suitable for a long time operation in an underground laboratory.A bolometric particle detector with an absorber of lithium fluoride crystal has been constructed with a newly developed germanium thermistor, which has a high sensitivity at around 20mK.It has been operated successfully in the dilution refrigerator.In order to manufacture many thermistors with nealy identical sensitivities, two methods were adopted. The one is to use germanium crystals melt-doped with antimony, and the other is so called neutron transmutation doping method. For the latter method, neutron irradiation has been done at the JRR-3 reactor of the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute.We also developed bolometers with absorbers of molybdenum, nickel oxide, zinc oxide, zinc sulfide and cadmium telluride crystals for the neutrinoless double positronium decay experiment. It is found that the zinc sulfied and cadmium telluride are suitable for the bolometers of this purpose.

已经建造了专用的稀释冰箱。它能够将一公斤的吸收材料冷却到10毫K。它是由特别挑选的原材料制成的，以减少它们的自然辐射背景。特别是，杜瓦瓶的内、外筒和制冷机的内真空室均采用无氧铜制成，并可在其内安装铅辐射屏蔽。它具有适合于地下实验室长期工作的技术指标。用新研制的锗材料制成了氟化锂晶体吸收体测辐射热粒子探测器本文介绍了一种在稀释制冷机上成功运行的高灵敏度热敏电阻器，它的灵敏度在20 mK左右，为了制造多个灵敏度几乎相同的热敏电阻器，采用了两种方法。一种是用锗晶体熔融掺锑，另一种是中子嬗变掺杂法。对于后一种方法，我们在日本原子能研究所的JRR-3反应堆上进行了中子辐照，并研制了钼、氧化镍、氧化锌、硫化锌和碲化镉晶体吸收体测辐射热计，用于无中微子双正电子素衰变实验。结果表明，硫化锌和碲化镉适合于这种用途的测辐射热计。