Multiple liquid crystal techniques of visualization for 3-D measurements in the rotating annulus experiments

为了建立多层液晶显示技术（MLCT）三维对流测量方法，利用本课题研制的双转台实验装置，对多层液晶显示技术（MLCT）在旋转环隙实验中的应用进行了研究，取得了如下成果：1）斜压波对流立体结构的观测液晶技术通常只用一种液晶和一个水平狭缝光。在那里，我们可以详细地观察任何内部截面的对流，这些内部截面被设置在任何高度的狭缝灯照亮。但是，由于缺乏观测断面相对水平位置的数据，这种观测无法确定对流的立体结构。因此，我们开发了一种方法，使用三种类型的仪器同时观察流体的两个水平截面。 关于我们 液晶微球适用于此目的。从而可以直接看到斜压波立体结构的真实的时间运动。2）斜压波中垂直对流的观测从水槽上方投射垂直狭缝光，切割流体的椭圆截面，并使测量装置的工作台与斜压波的漂移运动同步。我们可以观察到在任何纬向剖面上的垂直对流。3）MLCT用于流体温度的定量测量液晶显示技术已被认为适用于流体对流的定性观测而不干扰流动，但是其缺点是不能检测宽范围内的温度。我们开发了MLCT同时注入几种类型的液晶在流体中具有不同的窄的温度范围，以使这些技术也适用于定量测量的温度。在这里，它表明，这种技术提供了足够数量的等温线的流体中，以有助于测量精度高达1。C.少

Multiple liquid crystal techniques of visualization (MLCT) were investigated in the rotating annulus experiments by carrying out several experiments by the use of the apparatus with double turn tables, which was built in this research project, in order to establish the method of three-dimensional measurement of convection by MLCT.The results of our project are summerized as follows ;1) The observation of stereo-structures of convections in the baroclinic wavesLiquid crystal techniques have been usually done with only one type of liquid crystal and a horizontal slit-light. There we can observe in detail the convection of any internal section illuminated by the slit-light set at any height. But then such observation did not allow to determine the stereo-structure of the convection because of the lack of the data of the relative horizontal position of observed sections. Thus we developed the method of observing two horizontal sections of the fluid at a time with the use of three types of … More liquid crystal microspheres suitable for this purpose. As a result, we could see directly the real time movements of the stereo-structure of the baroclinic waves. Furthermore, this method was confirmed to be quite useful for providing video-pictures of fluid convections for teaching aids2) The observation of vertical convections in the baroclinic wavesProjecting a vertical slit-light from the above of the tank to cut the meridional section of the fluid and synchronizing the table of measurement devices with the drift motion of the baroclinic waves, we could observe the vertical convections in any meridional section. As a result, we could take video-pictures of the meridional temperature gradients and the real time vertical movements of the vacillation phenomena of the baroclinic waves.3) MLCT for quantative measurements of fluid temperaturesLiquid crystal techniques of visualization have been known to be suitable for the qualitative observation of convections in fluid without disturbing the flow, but has a drawback that it does not allow to detect temeratures in a wide range. We developed MLCT of injecting simultaneously several types of liquid crystals with different narrow temperature ranges in the fluid in order to make these techniques useful also for the quantative measurements of temperatures. Here it was shown that this technique affords enough number of isothermal lines in the fluid to be helpful for the measurements with accuracy up to 1。C. Less