Development of a macro scale hydrological model based on grid lumping of watershed characteristics

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The aim of this research is to develop a new methodology to scale up a distributed runoff model. For the purpose, mainly following three topoics have been conducted.1.A geographic information system in hydrologic modeling, BGIS,Basin Geomorphic Information System has been developed for topographic modeling of a river basin, and it is combined with a distributed rainfall-runoff simulation system. The system is used to develop a method for lumping a watershed characteristics.2.To consider the interaction between runoff process and meteorological one, a methodology to scale up a distributed runoff model is developed. In the methodology, the stream network is regarded as a set of sub-networks devided by grids whose size is so large as to be compatible with meteorological scale. The model of flow within these sub-networks and its numerical solution algorithm have been given.3.To arrange large amount of the hydrologic and meteorologic time series data and many different kinds of spatial information, the database which uses the Relational Data Base Management System (RDBMS) and the Geographic Information System (GIS) has been conducted. As one of its applications we have illustrated a system to estimate hourly evapotranspiration for river basins by using RDBMS and GIS techniques.