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Development of Processing System for Composite Images of SPOT and LANDSAT for the Analyzes of Earth Environment and Natural Resources

用于地球环境和自然资源分析的SPOT和LANDSAT合成图像处理系统的开发

基本信息

批准号：
05555280
负责人：
OHMI Michito
金额：
$ 4.16万
依托单位：
Kumamoto University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Developmental Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1993
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1993 至 1994
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The purpose of this research is to detect a subsurface fracture system and to estimate an environmental variation in urban areas by using SPOT images and LANDSAT TM images. The following is the summary of research results. (1) Geologic faults often correspond with lineaments appearing on satellite images. We developed a simple and effective algorithm, Segment Tracing Algorithm, which adopts a non-filtering approach and a directionally variable threshold for the exact extraction of lineaments. This method can detect lineaments existing in weak contrast area and constituting linear valleys. (2) The method to estimate the strike and dip of the fault constituting a lineament on an image was proposed. This calculation is based on a relationship between the curvature of lineaments and the dip of mountain slopes. It was shown using the method that the dominant azimuth of lineaments on the LANDSAT TM image and the SPOT image of the granitic massif agree well with the dominant azimuth of the joints appearing on the drifts in the massif. Consequently the self-similarity on azimuth distribution in the fracture system was revealed. (3) The neural network method was applied to classify a satellite image based on the superficial geology or the land-use pattern. (4) The reduction of ground-water level is partly due to development of the urban area, which is confirmed by processing of the two LANDSAT TM images for different years. (5) Degree of weathering, and the effect of surface temperature and water content of rock materials appear remarkably on the change of reflectance at 2215 nm. It was revealed by using a scanning visible to infrared radiometer that the reflectance of granite in infrared region is affected strongly by water content, the reflectance of basalt is affected strongly by surface temperature, and that of green tuff is not changed by neither of them.

这项研究的目的是利用SPOT图像和Landsat TM图像检测地下裂缝系统，并估计城市地区的环境变化。以下是研究成果的总结。(1)地质断层往往与卫星图像上出现的线状构造相对应。提出了一种简单有效的直线特征提取算法--分段跟踪算法，该算法采用非滤波的方法和方向可变的阈值来准确提取直线特征。该方法可以检测出存在于弱对比区和构成线状沟谷的线状结构。(2)提出了在图像上构成一条线的断层走向和倾角的估算方法。这一计算是基于线性构造曲率和山坡倾角之间的关系。该方法表明，花岗岩地块的陆地卫星TM图像和SPOT图像上的线状结构的优势方位与地块漂移上节理的优势方位一致。从而揭示了裂缝系统在方位分布上的自相似性。(3)将神经网络方法应用于基于表层地质或土地利用格局的卫星影像分类。(4)地下水位的下降部分归因于市区的发展，不同年份的两幅陆地卫星TM影像的处理证实了这一点。(5)风化程度、地表温度和岩石含水率对2215 nm反射率变化有显著影响。用可见-红外扫描式辐射计研究表明，花岗岩在红外区的反射率受含水率的影响较大，玄武岩的反射率受地表温度的影响较大，绿色凝灰岩的反射率不受两者的影响。