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Studies on the vegetative propagation and the artificial seed production in the mulberry by tissue culture methods

桑树组织培养无性繁殖及人工制种的研究

基本信息

批准号：
05556009
负责人：
OHNISI Toshio
金额：
$ 7.94万
依托单位：
Kyoto Institute of Technology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Developmental Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1993
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1993 至 1994
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-05556009/
关键词：
Artificial Seed Redifferentiation of callus Tolerance of Heavy Metals Minor Elements Reproductive Organs Cytokinin Multiple Bud Body 4PU 低温貯蔵カルス休眠打破鱗葉抽質物

项目摘要

By an attempt to the development in the biotechnology of the mulberry, its introduction to the cultivation of the mulberry and examinations on the artificial seed production were carried out. And then, following significant studies to the main subjects writen on a title were mad.Sucessful results on introductions of advetitious embryoes and shoots from the callus were reported by Ohnishi. Following these studies, he examined various influences on germination and growth of seeds in culture media containing nutrients in the capsules of seeds and variations of culture media for sown seeds. An then, the production of artificial seeds was examined and storage methods were developed, based upon previous examinations.Examinations on influences on the tolenrance to Cd, Cu, Zn, Ni to the growth of the callus of the mulberry and the coexistence of Mn to the growth inhibition with Cd were made by Homma. Results on the callus having the heavy metal tolerance in the subculture were obtained. A rela … More tionship between absorbed heavy metal densities and treated densities were recognized.The increased growth inhibition of the callus with the coexistence of Mn was found compared with the growth inhibition of the callus by Cd and amounts of accumulation of the both, Cd and Mn, was found. A tendency of the accumulation of much Fe in the cortex of the latter half of its growth period in the female variety was reported by Kuno and furthermore, promotion of the growth in a nucleous, one of female organs, was recognized with adding of Fe and Co. Comparative observations in varieties on propagation and redifferentiation of the callus and influences of nitrogen sources to the formation of adventitious buds were examined by Oshigane. Changes in contents inhibiting and promoting on germination of lateal bads and in contents of cytokinin in germinating seeds of the mulberry were examined by Yanagisawa. Based upon those results, adding amounts of the extract of the mulberry that promoted the growth of the callus for the artificial seeds were able to be presumed in some extents. At present, a relationship between the adding amount and the germinating velocity is examining. By the vertical rotary culture of seedlings in the liquid culture media containing 4PU,Oka obtained the induction of multiple bud bodies and he also clarified their structures of the tissue. It is possible to make subcultures of the multiple bud bodies by using the same culture medium with the medium for the induction, and shoots were reproduced when the multiple bud bodies were transplanted to solid culture media. Less

为促进桑树生物技术的发展，将桑树生物技术引入桑树栽培，并对桑树人工制种进行了试验。然后，在对主要研究对象的重大研究之后，写了一个标题。Ohnishi报道了从愈伤组织中引入不定芽和不定胚的成功结果。在这些研究之后，他考察了在含有种皮营养的培养基中对种子萌发和生长的各种影响，以及播种种子的培养基变量。在此基础上，对桑树人工种子的生产进行了研究，并在此基础上提出了桑树人工种子的贮藏方法，用HOMA法研究了镉、铜、锌、镍的耐受性对桑树愈伤组织生长的影响以及锰与镉的共存对桑树愈伤组织生长的抑制作用。获得了继代培养中具有重金属耐受性的愈伤组织。A Rela…与Cd对愈伤组织生长的抑制作用相比，Cd对愈伤组织的生长抑制作用更强，Cd和Mn的积累量也较大。Kuno报道了雌性品种生长后期皮层中铁的大量积累的趋势，并发现添加Fe和Co促进了雌性器官中的核的生长。用Oshigane法比较观察了愈伤组织的繁殖和再分化以及氮源对不定芽形成的影响。用柳泽法测定了桑树萌发种子中抑制和促进萌发物质的含量及细胞分裂素含量的变化。根据这些结果，可以在一定程度上推测桑树提取物对人工种子愈伤组织生长的促进作用。目前，正在研究加入量与发芽速度之间的关系。通过在含有4PU的液体培养基中垂直旋转培养幼苗，Oka获得了多个芽体的诱导，并澄清了它们的组织结构。使用与诱导培养基相同的培养基可以使多个芽体继代培养，当多个芽体移植到固体培养基上时，可以再生出芽。较少