CONCLUSIVE STUDIES ON TAXONOMY AND EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS OF CHINESE DROSOPHILA

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It is the final year of "the Japan-China Joint Studies on Chinese Drosophila". This project has started on 1983, and continued until 1993. many, many Japanese and Chinese scientists have been studying together in China as well as in Japan. We have collected drosophilid flies in almost all over the mainland China.Only 30 species were recorded from the mainland China, before this project had started. After our investigation, the number of known species of Drosophila has drastically increased. At present, March 1994, 415 species are known in total and the total number of species reaches 755, including unclassified specimens, which might be new species. This figure is about 2.8 times of all species found in Japan, and be the one fifth of total number of species in the world.From the fruitful results of our joint studies, new and interesting research works will develop in the fields of taxonomy, biogeography and evolutionary genetics. These results make it possible to rewrite the history of … More Drosophila evolution of the world. The numbers of known, unclassified and the total species in different province are as follows:In total 36 original papers have been published about Chinese Drosophila by Japanese and Chinese scientists, since 1985. All papers will be valuable in taxonomy and evolutionary genetics of family Drosophilide.The results of this academic year, 1993, are as follows:(1) Kitagawa and Fuyama, Tokyo Metropolitan University, collected drosophilid flies in Xinjang-weiguer Autonomous Region with Li Guochang, Entomack, and Muhtar of Xinjang univeristy. All samples collected there are now under inspection. The number of species will be realized in next summer.(2) Toda and Kimura, Hokkaido University, got the permission of free collection of flies in the Jianfeng National Forest Reserve in Hainan Island, through Prof. Peng, Guangdong Entomological Institute. They collected flies there and classified samples in Guangdong Entomological Institute. Some specimens which were difficult to classify were carried to Japan by two Chinese scientists in October, 1993. The total number of species was 161, including 104 known and 57 unidentified species. Fifty-seven unidentified species are now reserved in Hokkaido University and they are now under inspection.(3) Kitagawa and Aotsuka visited Institute of Zoology, Academia Sinica, Taiwan, in November. They carried out evolutionary genetic studies on the Drosophila immigrans species-group using the isozyme and mitochondrial DNA analyses with Professors Lin and Chang in Institute of Zoology. They are now calculating the genetic distance between populations.(4) Kimura has studied the comparative studies on body color of Drosophila elegans collected in the mainland China, Taiwan, Hongkong and Japan. The result of cross experiments showed that all populations belong to the same species and the color difference caused by a pair of alleles. Less