Basic and clinical studies on Paracoccidioidomycosis

副球孢子菌病是由热二态真菌巴西副球孢子菌引起的一种全身性人类真菌病，地理上仅限于拉丁美洲。巴西螺的自然栖息地尚不清楚。自1993年以来，为了研究这种真菌病，我们与巴西博塔库图大学（UNESP）进行了大学与大学的合作研究。博塔库图UNESP大学医院接收来自流行地区的副球孢子菌病患者。由于高电镀效率的培养基对于从自然环境中分离巴西芽孢菌至关重要，因此我们努力提高培养基的电镀效率，我们发现当酵母相细胞的水提物与马血清联合添加到脑心灌注琼脂（BHIA）中时，电镀效率得到了很大的提高。我们试图用这种媒介从自然界中分离出病原体。从不同地区收集并培养了大约800个土壤样本。其中获得了5个与巴西芽孢杆菌相似的酵母样菌落。显微镜下，这5株菌株在SDA上形成衣原体孢子，在35℃的BHIA上由菌丝转化为酵母。多芽出现。我们还从分离的致病性真菌中获得了98个黑色菌落。分别为月弯菌、棘外菌、棘外菌、水蛭、疣外菌、蚁头菌、atrovirhinocladiella和botyosa。从887份样品中分离出581株曲霉。

Paracoccidioidomycosis, caused by the thermal dimorphic fungus Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, is systemic human mycosis geographically confined to Latin America. The natural habitat of P.brasiliensis is still unclear. Since 1993 to study this mycosis we have done University-to-University cooperative Research with Botucutu Campus of Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Brasil. The university hospital of UNESP in Botucutu receives patients with paracoccidioidomycosis from the endemic area. Because a culture medium with high plating efficiency for P.brasiliensis is of critical importance for isolation of the fungus from natural environments, efforts have been made to improve the plating efficiency of culture medium and we found that when a water extract of yeast phase cells P.brasilienses was added in combination withhorse serum to brain heart infusion agar (BHIA), the plating efficiency was highly improved. Using this medium we tried to isolate the causative agent from nature. About 800 samples of soil from various areas were gathered and cultured. Among them five yeast like colonies which resembled P.brasiliensis were obtained. Microscopically these five isolates formed chlamydospores on SDA and converted from mycelial to yeast at 35 C on BHIA.Multiple budding were also seen. We also obtained ninety-eight black colonies from isolation of pathogenic dematiaceous fungi. They were Curvularia lunata, Exophiala spinifera, exophiala spp, Fonsecaea pedrosoi, Phialophora verrucosa, Ramichloridium anceps, Rhinocladiella atrovirens and Veronea botyosa. 581 strains of Aspergillus spp. were isolated from 887 samples collected.