Cooperative study of measurements of the volume and heat transports of the Kuroshio and Kuroshio Countercurrent

黑潮和黑潮逆流体积和热传输测量的合作研究

• 批准号: 05302023
• 负责人: IMAWAKI Shiro
• 金额: $ 6.27万
• 依托单位: Kyushu University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Co-operative Research (A)
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1993 至 1995
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-05302023/
• 关键词: Kuroshio; Kuroshio Countercurrent; Transport; Heat transport; Current meter; Acoustic Doppler current profiler; Inverted echo sounder; Satellite altimeter

To measure the Kuroshio and its recirculation (Kuroshio Countercurrent) south of Japan, a group called ASUKA (affiliated surveys of the Kuroshio off Cape Ashizuri) carried out observations along a line crossing the Kuroshio, which was chosen to coincide with a subsatellite track of the altimetry satellite TOPEX/POSEIDON.In October 1993, they deployed nine moorings equipped with 33 current meters and two ADCPs (acoustic Doppler current profilers), and ten IESs (inverted echo sounders), which were maintained for two years until November 1995. During this intensive observation period, they carried out measurements by CTD (conductivity-temperature-depth recorder), XBT (expendable bathy-thermograph) and towed-ADCP as frequently as possible to estimate upper layr velocities, which cannot be measured adequately by the moored instruments. This Grant-in Aid supported activities of the ASUKA group.From first-year moored current meter date and repeated hydrography data, we estimated geostrophic velocities referred to velocities observed at a nominal depth of 700 m. The absolute volume transport (estimated as the sum of those geostrophic velocities) of the Kuroshio for the upper 1000 m was found to have a very tight relationship with the difference of sea level across the Kuroshio. Combination of this relationship and TOPEX/POSEIDON altimetry data obtained every 10 days provided us, for the first time, with the time series of the Kuroshio transport for two years. The estimated transport fluctuates much around an average of 53 Sv (1 Sv =10^6 m^3/sec). The annual cycle is not apparent in the time series but some semi-annual cycle is dominated.

黑潮及其再循环的测量（黑潮逆流）在日本南部，一个叫ASUKA的团体1993年10月，联合国海洋观测站（Ashizuri角外黑潮附属调查）沿沿着一条穿过黑潮的线进行了观测，选择这条线是为了与测高卫星TOPEX/POSEIDON的子卫星轨道重合。他们部署了9个系泊设备，配备了33个流速计、2个声学多普勒流速剖面仪和10个反向回声测深仪，这些设备维持了两年，直到1995年11月。在这一密集观测期间，他们尽可能频繁地使用CTD（电导率-温度-深度记录仪）、XBT（一次性测深温度记录仪）和拖曳式ADCP进行测量，以估计上层速度，而系泊仪器无法充分测量上层速度。根据第一年的系留海流计数据和重复的水文数据，我们估算了在名义深度700 m处观测到的地转速度。黑潮上层1000 m的绝对体积输送量（估计为这些地转速度之和）与黑潮两侧的海平面差有非常密切的关系。结合TOPEX/POSEIDON卫星每10天测高一次的资料，我们首次得到了黑潮输送的两年时间序列。估计的输运在平均53 Sv（1 Sv =10^6 m^3/sec）左右波动。年周期在时间序列中不明显，但以半年周期为主。

项目成果

Imawaki, S.: "Observation plan of the Kuroshio and Kuroshio Countercurrent south of Japan" WOCE Newsletter. 14. 22-27 (1993)

Imawaki, S.：“日本南部黑潮和黑潮逆流观测计划”WOCE 时事通讯。

Kaneko, A., N.Gohda, W.Koterayama, M.Nakamura, S.Mizuno and H.Furukawa: "Towed ADCP fish with depth and roll controllable wings and its application to the Kuroshio observation" Journal of Oceanography. 49. 383-395 (1993)

Kaneko, A.、N.Gohda、W.Koterayama、M.Nakamura、S.Mizuno 和 H.Furukawa：“具有深度和滚动可控翼的拖曳 ADCP 鱼及其在黑潮观测中的应用”海洋学杂志。

Imawaki, S.and H.Uchida: "Strategy for long-term monitoring of the Kuroshio transport" Proceedings of International Workshop on Numerical Prediction of Oceanic Variability. 75-78 (1995)

Imawaki, S. 和 H.Uchida：“黑潮输送长期监测策略”海洋变率数值预测国际研讨会论文集。

今脇資郎: "Strategy for long-term monitoring of the Kuroshio transport" Proc. Intl. Workshop on Numerical Prediction of Oceanic Variability. 75-78 (1995)

Shiro Imawaki：“黑潮输送的长期监测策略”，海洋变化数值预测研讨会。

中嶋秀夫: "Sea surface measurement by a self-contained upward-looking ADCP" J. Meteorol. Soc. Jpn.73. 639-643 (1995)

Hideo Nakajima：“通过独立的向上看 ADCP 进行海面测量”J. Meteorol Jpn.73 (1995)。