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A study of the measuring factors and analyzing model to judge variation in groundwater circumstances

判断地下水状况变化的测量因素及分析模型研究

基本信息

批准号：
05302038
负责人：
UNO Tkao
金额：
$ 1.41万
依托单位：
Gifu University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Co-operative Research (A)
财政年份：
1993
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1993 至 1994
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The typical factors to express groundwater circumstances are(1)groundwater level, (2)rate of discharge and (3)water quality, which are effected by the aquifer constants and its stratum, and also by recharge from neighboring river. On the other hand, a kind of impact of large scale of ground works on water circumstances is worried recently. From our case studies, next conclusions are obtained.(1)The rate of groundwater flow is difficult to measure. For the groundwater in a hillock, ten times greater rates are observed than the rate predicted based on the synthetic research.(2)Aquifer constants measured by pumping test are difficult to collect/rearrange/re-evaluate correctly, and very important to know the groundwater flow.(3)The mechanism of water quality formation depends on three factors : (1)distance from river, (2)quality of original groundwater, and(3)soil constitution and transmissibility of aquifer.(4)For the recharge from the Ibi-river. about 10% of the river discharge and 7-10% of annual rainfall are supplied. And one-third of permeability of srtatum under small river is evaluated in Gifu city.(5)Proposed "simplified model" is useful to eliminate the rainfall effect on the natural variation in water level for judging whether ground construction work does violate the water circumstance or not.

反映地下水环境的典型因子有：（1）地下水位、（2）排泄速率和（3）水质，这些因子受含水层常数及其地层的影响，也受邻近河流补给的影响。另一方面，大规模的地面工程对水环境的影响也令人担忧。通过案例研究，得出以下结论。（1）地下水流速难以测量。对于山丘地下水，观察到的速率比基于综合研究预测的速率大10倍。（2）抽水试验测定的含水层常数难以准确收集、整理和重新评价，对了解地下水的流动规律十分重要。（3）水质的形成机制取决于三个因素：（1）距河流的距离，（2）原始地下水的质量，（3）土壤组成和含水层的导水性。（4）伊比河补给。约10%的河流流量和7-10%的年降雨量都来自这里。并对岐阜市小河下淤泥的渗透性进行了三分之一的评价。（5）提出的“简化模型”有助于消除降雨对水位自然变化的影响，以判断地面施工是否违反水环境。