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Rural Economic Basis for Modern Democracy--Taisho, Showa, Heisei

现代民主的农村经济基础--大正、昭和、平成

基本信息

批准号：
05401020
负责人：
MINAMI Ryoshin
金额：
$ 8万
依托单位：
Institute of Economic Research
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
1993
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1993 至 1996
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

We have worked on the experience of Japan's economic development since Taisho-era and explored to compare it with the problems of contemporary socio-economic development. We have investigated the rural economic basis and its limit of Taiso-Democracy, the transformation of rural economy from the inter-wars period to the war times, the post-war democratic reform, and their socio-economic impact on the national economy by the change of rural economy. We have explored to compare the Japan's experience with the problems of low-developed countries and to make clear the rural economic basis for the democracy.We have organized three successful conference : first one on February 12,1994, second one on February 18,1995, and third one on June 8,1996. The main topics of the first one were : the income distribution of pre-war rural Japan, the labor mobility and farmers' culture, the economic development and agricultural surplus--East Aisan case, the landlords investment in securities 1880-1930, the post-war agrarian reform, the transformation towards post-war rural society. The main topics of the second one were : the administrative and financial structure of local governments during Taisho-Democracy, the largecity finance between the wars, the agricultural bureaucrat Kodaira and his report on peasants disputes, the pre-war farm family and its second and third sons problems, the farm family/labor supply and demography. For the third onewe rather shifted our emphasis towards the politics and political history, whose outcome will be published as "Breakdown and Regeneration of Democracy : Interdisciplinary Approach" together with our four-years research.

我们研究了大正时代以来日本经济发展的经验，并探索将其与当代社会经济发展问题进行比较。本文考察了大司马民主主义的农村经济基础及其限度、农村经济从两次世界大战之间向战争时期的转变、战后的民主改革，以及农村经济的变化对国民经济的社会经济影响。我们探讨了如何将日本的经验与落后国家的问题进行比较，明确民主政治的农村经济基础，并成功地组织了三次会议：1994年2月12日的第一次会议、1995年2月18日的第二次会议和1996年6月8日的第三次会议。第一部分的主要议题是：战前日本农村的收入分配、劳动力流动与农民文化、经济发展与农业剩余--东爱山案、1880-1930年地主的证券投资、战后土地改革、向战后农村社会的转型。第二部分的主要内容是：大正民主时期地方政府的行政财政结构、两次大战之间的大城市财政、农业官僚科代拉及其关于农民纠纷的报告、战前农家及其二、三子问题、农家/劳动力供给与人口学。对于第三个，我们将重点转向政治和政治史，其成果将与我们四年的研究一起出版为“民主的崩溃和再生：跨学科方法”。