Effects of River Flow's Fluctuations on Substance Circulation in Closed Water Body and Basin Management

河流流量波动对封闭水体物质循环的影响及流域管理

• 批准号: 05402057
• 负责人: NAKAMURA Riota
• 金额: $ 12.74万
• 依托单位: The University of Tokyo
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (A)
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1993 至 1995
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-05402057/
• 关键词: closed water body; long-term turbidity water; lake and reservoir eutrophication; tank model for water quality simulation; vertical one-dimensional model

During our research we fortunately experienced a big flood that was estimated to be once for two hundred years. This flood brought us many important data and much information. As a first step, we analyzed this flood's hydrological characteristics. The rainfall that caused the flood was turned out through this analysis that daily intensity was not so heavy but hourly intensity was very strong. We next examined the influence of this heavy rain against catchment area, and especially compared changes of both runoff patterns and stream water qualities before and after the flood. As a result, We knew that a small scale floods after the big one could make stream water 10 times more turbid than those before that. We also compared the clarified processes of two reservoirs after the flood. These two are locating both east and west sides of a mountain and storage capacities are almost comparable. There was a big difference between two reservoirs' purification processes, which was concluded to be caused by the difference of dam operations. One reservoir is operated only for agricultural water usage, but the other has two objectives, agricultural water use and hydroelectric water use. This fact suggested that water turbidity might be lowered throught dam operations and water managements. We tried hydraulic model experiments. First experiments were aimed for examining performance of a selective withdrawal, but it was not so effectual. We next designed a curtain wall, which will be installed along the water course within a reservoir and prohibits turbid water's diffusion, and examined its effectiveness. When the wall was installed downstream of a plunge point with tight, it was very effective. Through above observation we could gain many data, which advances our study. But for the practical use of the curtain wall we need further observation and data.

在我们的研究过程中，我们幸运地经历了一场估计是两百年一遇的大洪水。这次洪水给我们带来了许多重要的数据和信息。首先分析了此次洪水的水文特征。通过分析得出，造成这次洪水的降雨日强度不大，但小时强度很大。接下来，我们研究了这场大雨对集水区的影响，特别是比较了洪水前后径流模式和河流水质的变化。因此，我们知道，一个小规模的洪水后，大的一个可以使溪流水浑浊10倍以上。并对两水库洪水后的澄清过程进行了比较。这两个都位于山的东西两侧，存储容量几乎相当。两水库的净化过程存在较大差异，这是由于大坝运行方式的差异造成的。一个水库仅用于农业用水，另一个水库有两个目的，农业用水和水电用水。这一事实表明，水浊度可能会降低大坝运行和水管理。我们尝试了水力模型实验。第一个实验的目的是检查选择性撤回的性能，但它不是那么有效。接下来，我们设计了一个幕墙，它将沿着水库内的水道安装，并阻止浑浊的水扩散，并检查了其有效性。当墙安装在一个切入点的下游与紧，这是非常有效的。通过以上的观察，我们可以获得许多数据，从而推进我们的研究。但对于幕墙的实际使用，我们需要进一步的观察和数据。

项目成果

久保成隆,リリオマサルナカセ等: "非定常流計算の感潮低平地流出解析への適用" 農業土木学会論文集. 174. 103-110 (1994)

Shigetaka Kubo、Lirio Masarunakase 等人：“非定常流计算在潮汐低地径流分析中的应用”，日本农业土木工程师学会汇刊 174. 103-110 (1994)。

梶原 晶彦: "ダム貯水池の濁水長期化現象とその軽減の可能性" 応用水文. NO6. 51-57 (1994)

Akihiko Kajiwara：“大坝水库中长期浑水现象及其缓解的可能性”应用水文学第 51-57 期（1994 年）。