ウシ放牧草地の牧草再生に及ぼすメン羊後追い放牧の影響

羊尾随放牧对牛放牧牧场牧场更新的影响

• 批准号: 05760204
• 负责人: 杉浦 俊弘
• 金额: $ 0.58万
• 依托单位: Kitasato University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Encouragement of Young Scientists (A)
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1993 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-05760204/
• 关键词: 放牧牛; メン羊; 放牧地; 選択採食; 後追い放牧; 再生

[目的]筆者は,ウシを輪換放牧している大規模な公共放牧草地の植生の維持管理法として,メン羊の後追い放牧を提案している。本研究では,ウシとメン羊の採食特性を持ち目,両畜種を組み合わせて放牧したときのイネ科牧草の分げつ再生を中心に調べ,牧草再生に及ぼすメン羊後追い放牧の影響を知ることを目的とした。[方法](1)草高が35cm,25cm,15cmのイネ科牧草群落をウシ(日本短角種)とメン羊(サホ-ク種)に一定の高さまで採食させ,前後差法により部位別の採食量と採食利用率を求めた。(2)圃場に,ウシ連続放牧(CC区),メン羊連続放牧(SS区),ウシーメン羊後追い放牧(CS区),メン羊-ウシ後追い放牧(SC区)の4試験区を3反復で設けて5月から8月までに3回放牧し,この間の草高と現存量の増減量から採食量と再生量を求めた。さらに,(3)各区のイネ科牧草20個体にマークをつけ,放牧開始時から退牧28日目までの分げつ数を追跡調査した。[結果・考察](1)生体重当りの採食量はメン羊がウシよりも約2.5倍多く,草高が25cm以下での被食草中の葉部割合からメン羊の葉部選択性が示唆された。(2)生体重100kg当りの採食量は,CC区では2.14kgDMでSS区の約25%であったが,メン羊を後追い放牧したCS区では5.59kgDMに増加した。CS区の牧草再生量は退牧直後よりも2週間目以降に増加し,28日間では2172kgDM/haで最も多かった。(3)5月下旬に20本生存していた分げつが,CC区では8月中旬には12本が枯死し新たに1本が出現したが,CS区は8本が枯死し6本が新たに出現した。以上の結果から,ウシ放牧草地にメン羊を後追い放牧すると,両畜種の採食部位の差異により採食量が増え,イネ科牧草の分げつを促し、再生量を増加させるものと推察した。

[Objective] The author proposed a method for maintaining the vegetation of large-scale public grazing grassland by rotation grazing. The purpose of this study is to investigate the feeding characteristics of sheep, to determine the species composition, grazing and regeneration of herbage, and to determine the effects of grazing on herbage regeneration. [Method](1) The forage community of Japanese short-horn species and sheep species with grass height of 35cm,25cm and 15cm were selected to obtain the feed intake and utilization ratio of different parts. (2)In the nursery, continuous grazing (CC area), continuous grazing (SS area), continuous grazing (CS area), continuous grazing (SC area), continuous grazing (CS area), continuous grazing (SC area), continuous grazing (CC area), continuous grazing (SS area), continuous grazing (CS area), continuous grazing (SC area), continuous grazing (CC area), continuous grazing (SS area), continuous grazing (CS area), continuous grazing (SC area), continuous grazing (CC area), continuous grazing (SS area), continuous grazing (CS area), continuous grazing (CS area), continuous grazing (SC area), continuous grazing (CC area), continuous grazing (SS area), continuous grazing (CS area), continuous grazing (CS area), continuous grazing (SC area), continuous grazing (CC area), continuous grazing (SS area), continuous grazing (CS area), continuous grazing (SC area), continuous In addition,(3) 20 individuals of forage grass of different families in each district were investigated. The number of forage grass was tracked from the beginning of grazing to the end of 28 days. [Results·Investigation](1) The feed intake of the sheep was about 2.5 times as high as that of the raw body weight, and the leaf selection of the sheep was shown when the grass height was less than 25cm. (2)When the weight of the sheep was 100kg, the feed intake was 2.14 kg DM in CC area and about 25% in SS area, and increased to 5.59 kg DM in CS area. The grass regeneration in CS area decreased after 2 weeks, and increased to 2172 kg DM/ha in 28 days. (3)5 In the second half of the month, 20 Ben died,CC Zone 12 Ben died and 1 Ben appeared,CS Zone 8 Ben died and 6 Ben appeared. As a result, the differences in feed intake, growth and regeneration of herbage species were observed.