Cytokines and Hypothalamo-Autonomic Control of Immune System

1)：从脾交感神经末梢释放的去甲肾上腺素抑制脾自然杀伤(NK)细胞活性是固定(IM)免疫抑制的机制之一。2)：脑内IL-1β诱导SSN减少3)：干扰素α和IL-1β在脑内诱导的免疫抑制是由于CRF系统的激活导致SSN的增强。4)：PGE2的EPI受体部分参与了脑CRF系统的激活。5)：内侧视前区(MPO)是干扰素α最有效的作用部位，通过对SSN的抑制作用参与免疫的中枢调节。6)在下丘脑腹内侧核(VMH)诱导的吞噬反应中，脾NK活性在动态期降低，在静止期升高。7)：III脑室前腹内侧区投射至MPO和室旁核的神经元在血源性细胞因子-脑信号转导中起重要作用。8)：IL-1β通过前列腺素类物质抑制迷走神经背侧运动神经元可能是IL-1β抑制胃酸分泌的机制之一。9)：IM应激使血浆IL-6浓度升高。10)：部分肝切除或部分交感神经切除可减弱血浆IL-6对IM应激的反应。11)：从固定的大鼠肝脏中获得的部分Kupffer(K)细胞和内皮细胞对抗小鼠IL-6抗血清表现出明显的IL-6样免疫反应。12)：去甲肾上腺素刺激体外培养获得的K细胞产生IL-6。13)：门静脉血浆基础内毒素水平高于全身静脉血浆。14)：IM应激时门脉内毒素含量升高，而体静脉血浆内毒素含量变化不明显。

What we found in this project is as follows ;1) : Suppression of splenic natural killer (NK) cell activity by noradrenaline released from splenic sympathetic nerve (SSN) terminals is one of the mechanisms of immobilization (IM) -induced immunosppression. 2) : Brain IL-1 beta induces reduction of the SSN.3) : Immunosuppression induced by both IFN alpha and IL-1 beta in the brain is due to an sctivation of CRF system which leads to an enhancement of SSN.4) : EPI receptors for PGE2 are partly involved in the activation of the brain CRF system. 5) : The medial preoptic area (MPO), which is the most potent acting site of INF alpha, is involved in the central regulation of immunity by its suppressive influence on the SSN.6) : Splenic NK activity decreases during dynamic phase of the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) lesioning-induced hyperphagia, while it increases during static phase. 7) : Neurons in the anteroventromedial region of the III ventricle projecting to the MPO and the paraventricular nucleus play an important role in the blood-borne cytokine-brain signal transduction. 8) : Inhibition of the dorsal vagal motoneurons by IL-1 beta through the prostanoids is considered to be one of the mechanisms of the IL-1 beta-induced suppression of gastric acid secretion. 9) : IM stress elevates plasma IL-6 concentration. 10) : Plasma IL-6 response to IM stress was attenuated by partial hepatectomy or by partial sympathectomy in the liver. 11) : Some Kupffer (K) cells and endothelial cells in the liver obtained from rats immobilized showed significant IL-6 like immunoreactivity against anti-murine IL-6 antiserum. 12) : Norepinephrine stimulated the IL-6 production in the K cells obtained by in vitro culture preparation. 13) : The basal endotoxin (LPS) level in the portal plasma was higher than that in the systemic venous plasma. 14) : The portal LPS content increased during IM stress, whereas that in the systemic venous plasma did not change remarkably.