A Comparative Study on Promotion of Life Time Sports between Japan and US

日美终身体育推广比较研究

• 批准号: 06045027
• 负责人: KITAMURA Akihide
• 金额: $ 2.69万
• 依托单位: Nara University of Education
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1994 至 1995
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-06045027/
• 关键词: life time sports; nutrition; plasma lipid; competence; control; acceptance; teaching skill; 血液性状

The purpose of this study was to compare life time sports in Japan with in the United States of America. This study consisted in three parts of research.1) Comparison of nutrition and blood properties between Japanese students and American students. Height and body weight in American students were significantly higher than in Japanese students. Japanese students took 2462571kcal per day in men's students and 2073<plus-minus>312kcal per day in women's students respectively. Although American students and higher calorie in take, there was no difference between Japanese students and American students in % carbohydrate, % fat and % protein intakes of total calories. There were no significant differences between Japanese and American in glucose and uric acid level, however, plasma lipid level (total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol) in American students were 10-20% higher than in Japanese student2) Comparison of perceptions and attitudes about physical education and sport between Japanese students and American students. The perception and sttitude are affected with competence, control and acceptance. Competence, control and acceptance in American students were higher than in Japanese students. When teacher points out student's mistake, most of Japanese teachers use teaching skill without corrective information, however, American teachers use teaching skill with corrective information. American teacher also use encouragement and praise many times.3) Comparison of situation and consciousness for life time sports between Japan and the USA.In Lock Haven city, percentage of participation for life time sports was increased, because of an increase of interest for sports and an improvement of sports facilities.

这项研究的目的是比较日本和美国的终身体育。本研究包括三个部分的研究1)日本学生和美国学生的营养和血液特性的比较。美国学生的身高和体重明显高于日本学生。日本男学生每天摄入2462571千卡，女学生每天摄入2073&312千卡。虽然美国学生摄入的热量较高，但日本学生和美国学生在总热量中碳水化合物、脂肪和蛋白质的摄入量没有差异。日本学生和美国学生的血糖和尿酸水平无显著差异，但美国学生的血脂水平(总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇)比日本学生高10-20%。2)日本学生和美国学生对体育的认识和态度的比较。知觉和坚定受能力、控制力和接受度的影响。美国学生的能力、控制力和接受度高于日本学生。当老师指出学生的错误时，大多数日本教师使用的是没有纠正信息的教学技巧，而美国教师使用的是带有纠正信息的教学技巧。美国教师也多次使用鼓励和表扬。3)日美两国终身体育状况和意识的比较。在洛克黑文市，由于人们对体育的兴趣增加和体育设施的改善，终身体育的参与率有所增加。