Research for carbon recycling by waste heat with Ferrites

CIO-layr是作为块体Ni(II)-铁氧体尖晶石结构的一部分形成的，具有化学计量化学成分。CIO-层中的Fe~(2+)~(2+)离子存在于扭曲的尖晶石结构中，其Fe~(2+)~(2+)含量高于正常尖晶石结构。在扭曲的尖晶石结构中，这种富Fe^&lt；2+的结构可以被认为是扭曲的FeO结构，这将导致FeO结构…分解时放出O_2气体更多的e转变为尖晶石相和金属相。FeO/氧化锌两相体系在500ﾟC的低氧分压下的析氧反应从实验上证实了这一点。基于这些析氧机理，设计了一种具有较高放氧活性的化学结构。这为开发更高效的热能/化学能转换材料提供了一条新的途径。研究发现，CIO包覆的Ni(II)铁氧体超细颗粒为提高析氧效率提供了另一种途径。在此基础上，进一步研究了该体系在400-800ﾟC的低温下太阳能转化为化学能的应用，发现第二氧化还原体系可用于低温下的太阳能/氢能转化。较少

The chemical analysis, X-ray diffractometry, FT/IR,Mossbauer effect, XPS measurement showed that the metal ions (Fe^<2+>, Ni^<2+>) in the CIO-layr (Carbon bearing iron oxide-layr) on the Ni(II)-ferrite form a kind of carbide-like linkage in the activation step. The CIO-layr is formed as a part of the spinel structure of the bulk Ni(II)-ferrite with a stoichiometric chemical composition. Fe^<2+> ion in the CIO-layr exists in the distorted spinel structure which contains a higher Content of Fe^<2+> ion than the normal spinel structure. The carbon element of the graphite in the CIO-layr can make a bonding with the Fe^<2+> ion in the CIO-layr under a lower partial pressure of O_2 at 300ﾟC.This would cause the formation of the carbide-like linkage and make it easy for O^2-ion to be released from CIO-layr. This Fe^<2+>-rich structure in the distorted spinel structure can be regarded as a distorted FeO structure, which would cause the O_2 gas evolution in the decomposition of the FeO structur … More e into the spinel phase and metallic phase. This was experimentally confirmed by the O_2 evolution reaction of the FeO/ZnO by-phase system under a lower oxygen partial pressure at 500ﾟC.Based on these O_2 evolution mechanism, a chemical structure with a higher reactivity of the O_2 release was designed. This offered a new route for developing the materials with a higher efficiency in the heat/chemical energy conversion system. Ultra-fine particles of the CIO-layred Ni(II)-ferrite was found to give an another way for increasing the O_2 evolution efficiency by 3 times. The results on the heat/chemical energy conversion experiment using a device specially designed and made, gave a poor efficiency for the CBNF.Therefore, a new system (combined cycle of 1st- and 2nd- Redox Systems), by which the heat/chemical energy conversion efficiency can be amplified, was designed and proved to be practically worked. This system was further studied to apply to the solar energy conversion into chemical energy at a lower temperature of 400-800ﾟC.The 2nd-Redox System was found to be used for solar energy/hydrogen energy conversion at the low temperatures. Less