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Study on marine animal behavior by micro-data tag

基于微数据标签的海洋动物行为研究

基本信息

批准号：
06405009
负责人：
NAITO Yasuhiko
金额：
$ 10.56万
依托单位：
National Institute of Polar Research
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
1994
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1994 至 1995
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-06405009/
关键词：
micro-data tag diving behavior ADL migration metabolism marine animal behavior time serial data 体温調節生理・生態データ標識自然遊泳動物水中行動

项目摘要

To investigate behavior of marine animals, we developed the micro-data loggers which is deployed on the back of the animals to measure dive depth, ambient temperature, salinity, swim velocity, acceleration movement, heart rate and light level.We conducted the field experiment on harbor porpoises, auklets, cormorants, king penguins, loggerhead turtles and chum salmons. Those data loggers used in these studies were 14mm and 19mm in diameter and, 75mm in length. Two or three sensors were equipped on a single data logger to measure several parameters simultaneously in the same time scale.Although detailed processing and analysis of data is still under going, we could obtained several unique findings from preliminary analysis as followings.1. Harbor porpoises dived continuously without taking any extended surface time. While their continuous diving, they had two type of dive profiles, shallow and deep. They also maintained low metabolic rate during diving (18ml O_2/m).2. Auklet, 500g body mass, dived for 2-3 minutes and reached 50m depth. This dive duration was far exceeded it's calculated aerobic dive limit. From the results we hypothesized that auklet, smaller diving birds developed physiological dive adaptation to diminish effect of increased lactic acids.3. Chum salmons showed frequent vertical movement ranging 0-150m, and sometimes avoid the warm temperature waters by swimming deeper waters. It also showed that fresh water zone was no longer barrier when they went up to the river from sea water.

为了研究海洋动物的行为，我们开发了部署在动物背部的微数据记录器，用于测量潜水深度、环境温度、盐度、游泳速度、加速度运动、心率和光照水平。我们对港口江豚、小海雀、蝎子、王企鹅、黑头龟和鲑鱼进行了野外实验。这些研究中使用的数据记录器直径分别为14 mm和19 mm，长度为75 mm。在一个数据记录仪上安装了两个或三个传感器，可以在同一时间尺度上同时测量几个参数。尽管数据的详细处理和分析仍在进行中，但通过初步分析，我们可以获得以下几个独特的发现。港口江豚连续潜水，没有占用任何延长的水面时间。在连续潜水时，他们有两种类型的潜水剖面，浅的和深的。在潜水过程中保持较低的代谢率(18mlO2/m)。奥克雷特，体重500克，潜水2-3分钟，到达50米深。这一潜水持续时间远远超过了其计算的有氧潜水极限。根据研究结果，我们推测体型较小的潜水鸟产生了生理性潜水适应，以减弱乳酸增加的影响。鲑鱼在0-150m范围内经常垂直运动，有时会游到更深的水域以避开温暖的水域。这也表明，淡水带不再是障碍，当它们从海水上行到河流时。