Fundamental Research of Phase Correction Methods in Millimeter and Sub-mm wavelengths and high-resolution imaging

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Several kinds of techniques were developed and actually tested for effective correction of a tropospheric phase fluctuation in millimeter-and submillimeter-wave radio interferometry, including very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) ; 1) radiometric phase correction method, 2)paired antenna method and 3)fast switching method. It was found from the experiments using the Nobeyama Millimeter Array (NMA) and a so-called radio seeing monitor that the paired antenna method and fast switching method were very effective for the phase correction at cm-wave observations. On the other hand, radiometric phase correction was found to be very usefull for the correction of the phase fluctuation in millimeter-and submillimeter-wave, by the experiments useing newly developed high-precision radiometers working at 220GHz, which are installed on the NMA.