Dynamic Response Analyzes of Plural Cars Collision in Arbitary Direction and Analyzes of Damage Influnce on Interior Joints Structure of Driver

首先采用十四关节十五质量系统模型对人体进行了三维动力学建模。在人体上进行了正面、横向和垂直三个激励方向的实验。采用最小二乘法的部分优化方法，建立了45自由度的运动方程，并对14个关节参数进行了辨识。其次，通过在车身周围添加非线性碰撞元素，对车身进行了完整的建模。将该模型与人体动力学建模相结合，分析了车辆-驾驶员系统的动态响应，并在考虑座椅位置变化、速度变化和驼峰条件影响的情况下，对驾驶员的动态响应进行了数值澄清。研究了汽车斜向撞击障碍物时裂纹构件吸收能量的基本特性。利用压缩机和失重装置，对不同形状的一系列前侧构件在不同碰撞角条件下进行了静态和动态碰撞试验。基于局部渐进式屈曲和全局后屈曲得到的力-位移曲线，阐明了碰撞构件能量吸收特性随碰撞角度变化的规律。对由上述碰撞构件、发动机等组成的复合结构的吸能特性进行了分析研究，并验证了其吸能特性随碰撞角度等碰撞条件的变化规律。最后，在不同汽车质量、速度和碰撞角度的情况下，对一辆汽车与另一辆正在行驶的汽车发生碰撞时，进行了一系列汽车、驾驶员和驾驶员合力的动态响应分析，明确了各参数对这些响应的影响。在此基础上，建立了具有肌肉-骨骼系统的驱动关节模型，并基于优化方法计算了主肌肉力的时间历程。采用收缩分量、串联弹性分量和平行弹性分量对肌肉肌腱构件进行建模。明确了驾驶员关节力和肌肉响应的动态响应随汽车质量、速度和碰撞角度的变化规律。少

A three-dimensional dynamic modeling of human's body is carried out at first by using the model of fourteen joints and fifteen masses system. The experiments on human body have been done for three exciting directions of the frontal, the transverse and the vertical. The equations of motion with the 45 D.O.F are formulated and the fourteen joint parameters are identified by the method of partial optimization technique with a least squares approach. In the next place, full modeling of a car body has been made by adding nonlinear 20 crash elements around car body. Combing the model with dynamic modeling of human body stated above, the dynamic responses of a vehicle-driver system are analyzed and the dynamic responses of driver have been clarified numerically with the influences of the variance of seat positions, speeds and hump conditions considered. The basic characteristics of energy absorption of crach members of a car when it collides onto a barrier in skew diresction have been strdied … More . Static and dynamic collapsing tests have been done for a series of scale models of front side members with different shapes, under the conditions of different crash angles, by using a compression machine and a weight-drop apparatus. Based on the force-displacement curves obtained by local progressive buckling and globle post bucklig, it has been clarified how the energy absorption characteristics of crash members vary with the change in colliding angle. The energy absorption characteristics of a compound structure which is assembled by the above crash members, an engine, etc., are analytically investigated, and it is verified how they vary with the colliding conditions such as colliding angles, etc.. Finally, a series of dynamic response analysis of a car, driver and driver joint-forces, have been carried out under the condition that when it collides onto another moving car by varying car mass, speeds and collision angle, and the influence of each parameter on these response have been made clear. The modeling of driver joints with musculoskeletal system have been made in the next place, and the time histories of primary muscle-forces have been calculated based on the optimisation method. The musculotendon members are modeled by contractile component, series elastic component and parallel elastic component. And it is made clear how the dynamic response of driver-joint forces and muscle responses vary with car mass, speeds and collision angle. Less