Mechanisms of long-term regulation of blood pressure by the central nervous system

项目1。本研究旨在探讨最后区（AP）的神经体液相互作用是否可以长期调节动脉压。用代谢笼法比较加压素（0.25ng/kg/min）对AP损伤兔（APX）和正常兔（INT）的钠水平衡、血浆钠浓度（PNa）、血浆渗透压（Posm）、平均动脉压（MAP）和心率（HR）的影响。平衡研究表明，INT中钠和水的保留是低渗的，而APX中钠和水的保留不是低渗的，PNa和Posm的数据支持这一结果。两组间MAP无显著差异。INT组出现心动过缓，而APX组无，两组血浆加压素浓度无显著性差异。用尼氏染色法进行的组织学检查表明，AP完全被破坏，但核束的主要部分 关于我们 孤束肌和迷走神经背侧运动核以及整个舌下神经核均完好无损。这些结果表明，在AP的神经体液相互作用的功能，以增强水的保留作用的加压素和抑制HR在一个长期的方式，但不足以克服其他补偿系统调节MAP。接下来，我们研究了在身体运动过程中，动脉压力反射系统是否可以长期控制MAP。建立了家兔24小时MAP的测量分析系统，比较了正常和去窦弓神经（SAD）家兔24小时MAP的直方图。两组间静息期MAP模式无显著差异。然而，在移动阶段，SAD取消了24小时MAP模式的增加，这是在完整的兔子。这一结果导致的可能性，中枢神经系统可能有助于通过压力反射系统的长期调节MAP的身体运动。少

Project 1. The purpose of this study is to examine whether the neurohumoral interaction at the area postrema (AP) could function to regulate arterial pressure in a long-term fashion. Vasopressin (0.25 ng/kg/min) was infused for 5 days to the AP-lesioned rabbits (APX) and the intact rabbits (INT), and then compared its effects on sodium and water balances, plasma Na concentration (PNa), plasma osmolality (Posm), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and heart rate (HR) using a metabolic cage. The balance study showed that sodium (Na) and water were hypotonically retained in INT,while not in APX.The data of PNa and Posm supported this result. No significant difference was observed in MAP between the two groups. Bradycardia was observed in INT but not in APX.No significant difference was observed in plasma vasopressin concentration between the two groups. Histological examinations using a Nissl staining method showed that the AP was completely destroyed but the major portions of the nucleus tract … More us solitarius and the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus and the entire hypoglossal nucleus were intact. These results indicate that the neurohumoral interaction at the AP functions to enhance the water retention action of vasopressin and suppress HR in a long-term fashion, but is not strong enough to overcome other compensatory systems regulating MAP.Project 2. Next, we examined whether the arterial baroreflex system can control MAP in a long-term fashion during physical movements. We established the measuring and analyzing system for 24-hr MAP and compared the histograms of 24-hr MAP between intact and sinoaortic denervated (SAD) rabbits. No significant difference was observed in a mode of MAP during a resting phase between the two groups. However, during a moving phase, SAD abolished an increase in a mode of 24-hr MAP which was observed in intact rabbits. This result leads to the possibility that the central nervous system may contribute to a long-term regulation of MAP during physical movements via the baroreflex system. Less