Syethetic Researches on the NIYA Ruins in Soulthem Way of Anicent Silk Road, Chinese Central Asia

1995年，对尼雅遗址进行了四个方面的调查，主要工作是：（1）对尼雅遗址的遗址分布进行了调查，并对遗址进行了GPS定位; (2)在N.2的三个住宅遗址中进行的一次挖掘，其中包括一个由十九个堡垒组成的圆形哈姆雷特。(3)日本的木制品和天然树木的研究。以及化学分析用的取样。(4)在尼雅遗址以南30公里处的哈帕克村进行了民居建筑研究，在N.5遗址的小寺庙遗址中发现了佛像和菩萨像的残壁彩画。更大的成就是尼雅北部的一座墓地。该墓地有八个棺材，其中一些被认为是王子和贵族已经埋葬在。优秀的遗物，如木乃伊，锦缎，镜子，和其他 ...更多信息 在他们身上发现了一些器皿。他们正在与中国合作进行调查。1996年的调查 * 1996年，我们的项目分两次进行。8月17日至23日，考察组一行赴新疆乌鲁木齐，在新疆文物考古研究所和新疆维吾尔自治区博物馆考察了尼雅遗址。10月4日至11月5日，日方对中国尼雅遗址进行了考察，前者是由3名学者进行的木制品研究、汉锦研究等文物调查，后者是由13名日方成员和15名中方成员合作，从4个方面对尼雅遗址进行的调查。（1）寻找尼雅遗址遗址的分布及其GPS定位。(2)根据Spot卫星的照片，提前进行了一次调查，制作了整个尼雅的地图。(3)对N.13、N.14遗址及其周边地区的全面调查。(4)在N.5废墟中的一个挖掘，这是一个古老的寺庙。这是对四个领域的调查。重要的水果在后面。(1)（1）在距尼雅遗址45 km的北部发现了青铜时代的新遗址。(ii)在尼雅遗址最南端发现了一座似椭圆形古堡的墓地和遗址。(2)北13、北14线东侧的一大片区域，被认为是古代制造铁、铜、珠等的工厂区，可能是丝绸之路上尼雅古镇的典型。这项调查将在今年之后作为一项持续性工作进行。(3)在N.5号古寺遗址中，发现了八尊木制浮雕佛像，它们分别雕刻在四块木板的两面。有的浮雕表面还能看到隐约的黑色佛纹。一些壁画也出现在那里。少

*The investigation in 1995*In 1995, The investigation of NIYA site was carried out on four fields.The works of four fields are (1) A searching for distribution of ruins in Niya site and their positi-oning with G.P.S.instruments. (2) An excavation in three residencial ruins of N.2 wh-ich consists of a circled hamlet of nineteen fouses. (3) A research for wooden instrments and natural trees.And their sampling for chemical analyzes in Japan. (4) Architectural researchs for residences in Khapaq village, south of Niya site for 30km distant.Other good results achived by Chinese party in doing initiative, are that fragm-entary wall color paintings of buddha-images and bodhisattva-images had been recovered from small temple ruin of N.5 site. And a more great success is that a discocery of cemetery in northen place of Niya. That cemetery had contained eight coffins, some of them are regarded as princes and nobles have been buried in.Excellent relices such as mummies, brocades, mirror, and other … More utnesils have been turned out in them.They are under investigations in cooperation with China.*The Investigation in 1996*In 1996, Our Projects were carried out in two times. One party was dispatched to Urumuqi, Chi-na at August, from 17th to 23th, and the members investigated the relics of Niya sites at the Cultural RelicArcha eology Institute of Xinjing and the Xinjang Uigur Autonomous Region Museum. The other party madeexpediation into Niya sites, China, and there the investigation has been carried out from October 4th upto November 5th.The former was the investigation of relics on wood research, Han Brocades research, and other relics research by three scholars.The latter was the investigation of Niya site carried out on four fields with cooperation of thirteen Japanese members and fifteen Chinese members. ; (1) A searching for distribution of ruins in Niya site and their positioning with G.P.S.instruments. (2) A surverying in advance to make the whole map of Niya based on Spot-satellite's photos. (3) A complete surveying of N.13, N.14 ruins and their around area.(4) An excavation in N.5 ruin whict was an ancient temple. These are the investigation on four fields. The important fruits are following.(1) (i) A discovery of new ruins dating back of bronze age in north place from Niya site about 45km distantanc.(ii) A discovery of a cementry and a ruin seemed as an old castle in the shape of elipse at the most southen area of Niya site.(2) A vast area of east side of N.13 and N.14 was identified as a zone of many ancient manufactories where had produced iron, copper and bead etc. It might have been typical of this ancient town of Niya on the silk road. This investigation will be carried out as a continuous work after this year.(3) Form N.5 site of an ancient temple ruin, eight wooden Buddha images in relief have been recovered, which were carved on both sides of four wooden pieces. Some of them, faint black lines of buddha image are seen on the surface of relif. Some wall-paintings were turned out there too. Less