STUDY ON ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION OF ROTAVIRUS

我们收集了4个亚洲国家的人类（主要是儿童腹泻病例）和动物的粪便标本。利用这些标本进行轮状病毒（RV）的筛选、抗原鉴定（ELISA和PCR）、分离选择的RV毒株、基因组片段核苷酸序列测定，以阐明人类轮状病毒感染的流行病学以及人类和哺乳动物中轮状病毒的生态学和进化。在中国武汉，1995年至1997年间收集了3050份腹泻样本。对936例ARV组阳性标本（31%）进行上述进一步的抗原和遗传分析。虽然在整个研究期间血清型G1株占主导地位，但人类rv的血清型分布在各年之间存在显著差异。未检出G4菌株。对几种具有人类RV不同抗原特性的菌株进行了VP8和NSP5基因序列的检测。值得注意的是，两株中国毒株的NSP5序列与猪的NSP5序列的亲缘关系比与人的NSP5序列的亲缘关系更密切。在菲律宾蒙廷卢巴，1995年至1997年期间从腹泻患者中收集了906份样本。181例（19.9%）呈rv阳性。在研究期间，RV的优势血清型从G1迅速转变为G2，然后转变为G4，最后转变为G3。然而，G12菌株在本研究中未检出，该菌株于1987年底仅在菲律宾流行。此外，还发现了组、crv和小核糖核酸病毒各1株。在泰国收集的560例仔猪粪便标本中，检出A组RV 23例，B组RV 1例，C组RV 2例，小核糖核酸2例。23例A组rv中14例（61%）为G10血清型，迄今未在猪rv中发现。VP4和VP7基因序列分析及RNA-RNA杂交结果表明，G10猪毒株与此前在同一国家发现的G10牛RVs岛亲缘关系非常密切，表明猪牛之间存在强传播。对在曼谷采集的171份人rv阳性标本进行了血清型分布检测。在孟加拉国对590个猪和270个牛粪便标本以及50个其他动物标本进行动物轮状病毒筛查，除检测到2个猪和1个牛的rv外，结果为阴性。还从孟加拉国Mymensingh的840名腹泻患者身上收集了人体标本。检测了112例rv阳性标本的血清型。检测到的血清型依次为G1、G2和G4。少

We collected fecal specimens from humans (mostly pediatric diarrhea cases) and animals in 4 Asian cuontries. With these specimens, screening of rotavirus (RV), antigenis characterization (by ELISA and PCR) of RVs detected, isolation of selected RV strains, and nucleotide sequence determination of genome segment of selected strains were carried out in order to elucidate the epidemiology of human rotavirus infections and the ecology and evolution of rotaviruses in human and mammals.1.In Wuhan, China, 3050 diarrhea samples were collected between 1995 and 1997. Nine hundred thirty-six specimens (31%) positive for group ARV were subjected to further antigenic and genetic analysis mentioned above. While serotype G1 strains predominated throughout the study period, the serotype distribution of human RVs differed markedly from year to year. No G4 strain was detected. A few strains having antigenic properties unusual for human RV were examined for the nucleotide sequence of VP8 and NSP5 gene se … More gments. It was of note that the NSP5 sequence of two Chinese strain was more closely related to that of porcine than to human RVs.2.In Muntinlupa, Philippines, 906 samples were collected from patients with diarrhea between 1995 and 1997. One hundred eighty-one samples (19.9%) were RV-positive. During the study period dominant serotype of RV changed rapidly from G1 to G2, then to G4 and lastly to G3. However, G12 strains, which had been reported to be prevalent only in Philippines at the end of 1987, were not detected in the present study. Besides these, one strain esch of group, C RV and picobirna virua was found.3.In 560 fecal specimens collected from piglets in Thailand, 23 group A RVs, 1 group B RV,2 group C RVs and 2 picobirna birusres were detected. Fourteen (61%) of 23 group A RVs were serotype G10 which hitherto has not been found in porcine RVs.Comparative sequence analysis of VP4 and VP7 genes together with RNA-RNA hybridization showed that these G10 porcine strain were very closely related to G10 bovine RVs isoland previously in the same country, indicating strongly transmission of RV between cows and pigs. The serotype distribution of human RVs were also examined with 171 human RV-positive specimens collected in Bangkok.4.Screening of animal rotavirus in Bangladesh with 590 porcine and 270 bovine fecal specimens as well as 50 specimens from other animals gave negative result except for the detection of 2 porcine and one bovine RVs. Human specimens were also collected from 840 diarrhea patients in Mymensingh, Bangladesh. One hundred twelve RV-positive specimens were examined for their serotypes. Detected serotypes were G1, G2 and G4 in order of frequency. Less