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National Market and Local Market viewed from the Activities of Merchants -from the Tempo Era to the Second World War-

从商人的活动看全国市场和地方市场-从天宝时代到第二次世界大战-

基本信息

批准号：
07303009
负责人：
ISHII Kanji
金额：
$ 5.38万
依托单位：
The University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1996
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

1. We have carried out investigations six times on the historical materials kept by the Hiroumi family who had been engaged in domestic shipping and trade in rice and fertilizer at Kaizuka in Osaka Prefecture. We have taken photographs of the main account books and put the business letters into our special envelopes.2. Having analyzed these historical materials, we found out many interesting facts. Firstly, Kaizuka Port, which prospered as a trading center for rice and fertilizer after the 1830s, began to decline in the 1880s because of the inadequateness for steamships. Secondly, the returns from the trade decreased after the 1890s as the Hiroumi family changed their way of trade from selling on commissions to selling on their own accounts. Thirdly, the Hiroumi family, who began to invest their money in the joint-stock companies in the 1880s, increased their investments during the boom in the 1910s so that the amount of the returns from the investments in the stocks overwhelmed those from the trade in fertilizer. In short, we found out the fact that the merchants grown in the Tokugawa Era not only developed the market economy but also financed the joint-stock companies in modern Japan.

1.我们对大坂府贝冢从事国内航运和大米、化肥贸易的广海家族保存的史料进行了六次调查。我们已将主要帐簿照了相，并将商业信函放入我们的专用信封中。分析了这些历史材料后，我们发现了许多有趣的事实。首先，19世纪30年代以后作为大米和化肥贸易中心而繁荣的贝冢港，在19世纪80年代由于蒸汽船的不足而开始衰落。第二，19世纪90年代以后，由于广海家族改变了他们的贸易方式，从佣金销售到自己的账户销售，贸易的回报减少了。第三，19世纪80年代开始将资金投资于股份公司的广海家族，在1910年代的繁荣时期增加了投资，因此股票投资的回报率超过了化肥贸易的回报率。总之，我们发现德川时代的商人不仅发展了市场经济，而且还为现代日本的股份公司提供了资金。